Articles: acetaminophen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 12 week trial of acetaminophen extended release for the treatment of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis.
Determine efficacy and safety of acetaminophen extended release (ER) 1300 mg given three times daily compared to placebo for relieving signs and symptoms of hip or knee osteoarthritis. ⋯ Acetaminophen ER 1300 mg, a nonprescription drug, given three times daily, can provide effective relief of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis of the hip or knee and was well tolerated. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00240799.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Results of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, single-dose study comparing the fixed combination of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, and caffeine with ibuprofen for acute treatment of patients with severe migraine.
In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, single-dose study (n = 1555), a fixed combination of acetaminophen 500 mg, acetylsalicylic acid 500 mg, and caffeine 130 mg (AAC) was compared with ibuprofen 400 mg (IB) and placebo (PLA) for acute treatment of migraine. ⋯ In patients with severe baseline migraine pain, AAC and IB are significantly more effective than PLA, and AAC provides significantly faster and more effective pain relief than IB.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Sep 2014
Multicenter StudyEffect of the UK's revised paracetamol poisoning management guidelines on admissions, adverse reactions and costs of treatment.
In September 2012 the UK's Commission on Human Medicines (CHM) recommended changes in the management of paracetamol poisoning: use of a single '100 mg l(-1) ' nomogram treatment line, ceasing risk assessment, treating all staggered/uncertain ingestions and increasing the duration of the initial acetylcysteine (NAC) infusion from 15 to 60 min. We evaluated the effect of this on presentation, admission, treatment, adverse reactions and costs of paracetamol poisoning. ⋯ The changes introduced by the CHM in September 2012 have increased the numbers of patients admitted to hospital and treated with acetylcysteine without reducing adverse reactions. A safety and cost-benefit review of the CHM guidance is warranted, including novel treatment protocols and biomarkers in the assessment of poisoning.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jun 2014
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialA single-arm clinical trial of a 48-hour intravenous N-acetylcysteine protocol for treatment of acetaminophen poisoning.
Acetylcysteine prevents hepatic injury when administered soon after acetaminophen overdose. The most commonly used treatment protocols are a 72-hour oral and a 21-hour intravenous (IV) protocol. Between 1984 and 1994, 409 patients were enrolled in a study to describe the outcomes of patients who were treated using a 48-hour IV protocol. In 1991, an interim analysis reported the first 223 patients. The objective of this manuscript is to report the rates of hepatotoxicity and adverse events occurring during a 48-hour IV acetylcysteine protocol in the entire 409 patient cohort. ⋯ Acetaminophen-overdosed patients treated with IV acetylcysteine administered as 140 mg/kg loading dose followed by 70 mg/kg every 4 h for 12 doses had a low rate of hepatotoxicity and few adverse events. This protocol delivers a higher dose of acetylcysteine which may be useful in selected cases involving very large overdoses.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Reduction of adverse effects from intravenous acetylcysteine treatment for paracetamol poisoning: a randomised controlled trial.
Paracetamol poisoning is common worldwide. It is treated with intravenous acetylcysteine, but the standard regimen is complex and associated with frequent adverse effects related to concentration, which can cause treatment interruption. We aimed to ascertain whether adverse effects could be reduced with either a shorter modified acetylcysteine schedule, antiemetic pretreatment, or both. ⋯ Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government.