Articles: acetaminophen.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialAcetaminophen Attenuates Lipid Peroxidation in Children Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
Hemolysis, occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass, is associated with lipid peroxidation and postoperative acute kidney injury. Acetaminophen inhibits lipid peroxidation catalyzed by hemeproteins and in an animal model attenuated rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury. This pilot study tests the hypothesis that acetaminophen attenuates lipid peroxidation in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. ⋯ Cardiopulmonary bypass in children is associated with hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. Acetaminophen attenuated the increase in plasma isofuran concentrations. Future studies are needed to establish whether other therapies that attenuate or prevent the effects of free hemoglobin result in more effective inhibition of lipid peroxidation in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Postgraduate medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of subjective effects of extended-release versus immediate-release oxycodone/acetaminophen tablets in healthy nondependent recreational users of prescription opioids: a randomized trial.
Prescription opioids have substantial abuse potential. This study compared the positive subjective drug effects of a newly developed extended-release (ER) oxycodone (OC)/acetaminophen (acetyl-para-aminophenol [APAP]) formulation with those of immediate-release (IR) OC/APAP. ⋯ This phase 1 study conducted in the United States was not registered.
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The field of pediatric pain management continues to evolve, with ongoing changes in our appreciation of the impact of pain on our fragile patients, a better understanding of how to assess pain, and refinements of the medications and techniques used to provide analgesia to patients with acute pain of various etiologies. The following article reviews the techniques for the assessment of pain, including various age-specific pain scoring systems. The pharmacological management of pain is discussed, including the use of agents that inhibit prostaglandin formation-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and acetaminophen-as well as the "weak opioids" that are commonly used when oral administration is feasible for the treatment of mild to moderate pain.