Articles: acetaminophen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Spinal manipulation, medication, or home exercise with advice for acute and subacute neck pain: a randomized trial.
Mechanical neck pain is a common condition that affects an estimated 70% of persons at some point in their lives. Little research exists to guide the choice of therapy for acute and subacute neck pain. ⋯ National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPostoperative plasma paracetamol levels following oral or intravenous paracetamol administration: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.
In day-case surgery paracetamol is commonly given orally preoperatively, or intravenously intraoperatively. In this double-blind randomised controlled trial we investigated which of these methods of administration achieved therapeutic plasma levels most effectively in the early postoperative period. Thirty patients undergoing day case arthroscopy of the knee were randomised to receive either 1.0 g oral paracetamol 30 to 60 minutes preoperatively (20 patients) or 1.0 g intravenous paracetamol intraoperatively (10 patients). ⋯ There was no difference in pain scores between groups. Intraoperative administration of 1.0 g of intravenous paracetamol more reliably achieved effective paracetamol levels in the early postoperative period compared to an equal dose given orally preoperatively. Only a minority of patients receiving the 1.0 g oral dose preoperatively had plasma levels in the therapeutic analgesic range.
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Clinical therapeutics · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyAssessment of the efficacy and safety profiles of aspirin and acetaminophen with codeine: results from 2 randomized, controlled trials in individuals with tension-type headache and postoperative dental pain.
Aspirin is a widely used NSAID that has been extensively studied in numerous conditions. Nonprescription analgesics, such as aspirin, are frequently used for a wide variety of common ailments, including conditions such as dental pain and tension-type headache. ⋯ These 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies demonstrate that treatment with aspirin (1000 mg) provides statistically significant analgesic efficacy compared with placebo use and comparable efficacy with acetaminophen (300 mg) with codeine (30 mg) therapy after impacted third molar extraction and in tension- type headache.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Validation of the simplified UVB model to assess the pharmacodynamics of analgesics in healthy human volunteers.
A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study was conducted in healthy human volunteers with the primary objective of exploring the existence of a positive interaction between paracetamol 1 g and ketorolac 20 mg intravenously on experimental pain models. Further, the simplified UVB model was validated as a screening tool for analgesics or a combination of analgesics in clinical drug development. It was observed that the UVB irradiation induced primary hyperalgesia, evidenced by significant decreases of the heat pain threshold from (mean ± SD) 46.9 ± 1.1 °C to 40.1 ± 1.7 °C (p <0.001) and of the mechanical pain threshold (62% decrease). ⋯ The UVB irradiation also resulted in the development of an area of secondary hyperalgesia of 21.3 ± 11.3 cm(2). The mechanical pain threshold and area of secondary hyperalgesia showed small intra-individual variability and consistent intra-day stability. However, a greater variability was observed between subjects, which suggests that a crossover design would allow limiting the number of subjects.