Articles: acetaminophen.
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Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf · Aug 2011
Trends in emergency department visits attributable to acetaminophen overdoses in the United States: 1993-2007.
With the heightened concern over acetaminophen overdose induced liver toxicity, it is important to track the overdose incidences over time. We estimated the trends in emergency department (ED) visits attributable to acetaminophen overdoses and compared the risk across sociodemographic groups and geographic regions. ⋯ ED visits attributable to acetaminophen overdose decreased in recent years. Children less than 5 years of age, adolescents and young adults account for the overwhelming majority of these visits.
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · Jul 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized study of the efficacy and safety of intravenous acetaminophen vs. intravenous placebo for the treatment of fever.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the antipyretic effect and safety of intravenous (i.v.) acetaminophen using an endotoxin-induced fever model. Subjects exhibiting sufficient fever response following administration of reference standard endotoxin (RSE) were randomly assigned to receive i.v. acetaminophen 1,000 mg (n = 31) or matching placebo (n = 29). The primary efficacy end point was the weighted sum of temperature differences from baseline through 6 h. ⋯ Temperature differences from baseline reached statistical significance at T30 min after endotoxin administration (15 min after completing the study medication infusion). Acetaminophen administered i.v. was well tolerated, and the frequency of adverse events was comparable to that after administration of i.v. placebo. This study shows that i.v. acetaminophen in a single 1,000-mg dose is safe and effective in reducing fever.
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Tonsillectomy is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in ENT practice. Postoperative pain remains the major problem following tonsillectomy, if not treated. Different methods and many drugs have been used to control the postoperative pain. In this study, we evaluate the role of gabapentin premedication vs paracetamol in management of postoperative pain following adenotonsillectomy in children. ⋯ Gabapentin premedication improves postoperative analgesia following adenotonsillectomy in children and reduce analgesic requirements in comparison with paracetamol premedication, with no reported side effects.