Articles: acetaminophen.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyInteraction between acetaminophen and warfarin in adults receiving long-term oral anticoagulants: a randomized controlled trial.
We investigated whether acetaminophen, given at 2 g/day and 3 g/day might potentiate the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. ⋯ Acetaminophen, at 2 g/day or 3 g/day, enhanced the anticoagulant effect of warfarin in stable patients, thus requiring close INR monitoring in the clinical setting.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomised controlled trial comparing oral and intravenous paracetamol (acetaminophen) plasma levels when given as preoperative analgesia.
Gastric absorption of oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) may be unreliable perioperatively in the starved and stressed patient. We compared plasma concentrations of parenteral paracetamol given preoperatively and oral paracetamol when given as premedication. Patients scheduled for elective ear; nose and throat surgery or orthopaedic surgery were randomised to receive either oral or intravenous paracetamol as preoperative medication. ⋯ Maximum median plasma concentrations were 19 mg.l(-1) (interquartile range 15 to 23 mg.l(-1)) and 13 mg.l(-1) (interquartile range 0 to 18 mg.l(-1)) for the intravenous and oral group respectively. The difference between intravenous and oral groups was less marked after 150 minutes but the intravenous preparation gave higher plasma concentrations throughout the study period. It can be concluded that paracetamol gives more reliable therapeutic plasma concentrations when given intravenously.
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Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg · Mar 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialPostoperative analgesia in orthognathic surgery patients: diclofenac sodium or paracetamol?
Our aim was to compare the analgesic affects of paracetamol and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac sodium for the relief of postoperative pain in patients having bimaxillary osteotomy. Thirty patients were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 15 in each) using sealed envelopes. The first group was given paracetamol 1g intravenously and the second diclofenac sodium 75 mg intramuscularly. ⋯ The intensity of postoperative pain was recorded on a visual analogue scale (VAS), and postoperative requests for analgesia, haemodynamic variables (systolic blood pressure and heart rate), and complications were compared. The groups were comparable. A single dose of diclofenac or paracetamol effectively decreases the intensity of postoperative pain after bimaxillary osteotomy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A single blind controlled comparison of tramadol/paracetamol combination and paracetamol in hand and foot surgery. A prospective study.
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and effectiveness between an analgesic combination of tramadol/paracetamol (37.5+325 mg), and paracetamol monotherapy (1000 mg) for acute postoperative pain after hand and foot surgery. The study design was a single blind randomized controlled trial. A total of 114 patients who underwent hand and foot surgery under brachial plexus block were randomized to receive either paracetamol monotherapy (group P, n=57) or tramadol/paracetamol (group TP, n=57) postoperatively. ⋯ Adverse effects did not significantly differ between the two groups. There were no serious adverse events in either group. The association of tramadol and paracetamol appears to have more efficacy when compared with paracetamol monotherapy for acute postoperative pain after hand and foot surgery.
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Computerized N-acetylcysteine physician order entry by template protocol for acetaminophen toxicity.
Some medication dosing protocols are logistically complex for traditional physician ordering. The use of computerized physician order entry (CPOE) with templates, or order sets, may be useful to reduce medication administration errors. This study evaluated the rate of medication administration errors using CPOE order sets for N-acetylcysteine (NAC) use in treating acetaminophen poisoning. ⋯ Oral NAC was given in 31 (38%) cases; intravenous NAC was given in 51 (62%) cases. In this retrospective analysis of N-acetylcysteine administration using computerized physician order entry and order sets, no medication administration errors occurred. CPOE is an effective tool in safely executing complicated protocols in an inpatient setting.