Articles: acetaminophen.
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In order to assess the analgesia obtained from single oral doses of paracetamol alone and in combination with codeine in postoperative pain, we conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. We found 31 trials of paracetamol against placebo with 2515 patients, 19 trials of paracetamol plus codeine against placebo with 1204 patients and 13 trials of paracetamol plus codeine against the same dose of paracetamol with 874 patients. Pain relief information was extracted, and converted into dichotomous information (number of patients with at least 50% pain relief). ⋯ In indirect comparisons of each with placebo it was 14 extra patients per 100. This was an NNT for adding codeine 60 mg of 9.1 (5.8-24). The results confirm that paracetamol is an effective analgesic, and that codeine 60 mg added to paracetamol produces worthwhile additional pain relief even in single oral doses.
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Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol. · Apr 1997
Interaction of ciprofloxacin with diclofenac and paracetamol in relation to it's epileptogenic effect.
A number of fluoroquinolones have shown convulsive potential. The effect of Ciprofloxacin was studied in electroconvulsive seizures in mice using the tonic extensor phase as end point and seizure threshold as observational parameter. ⋯ This was potentiated by diclofenac but paracetamol had no such effect. Though the exact mechanisms involved in this effect are conjectural, role of GABA inhibitory mechanisms is a possibility.
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Liver injury is the main feature of paracetamol poisoning. Early administration of N-acetylcysteine is an effective antidotal treatment. ⋯ Salicylate poisoning should be systematically suspected when several of the following features are observed in a poisoned patient: tinnitus, deafness, hyperventilation, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis. Diagnosis is readily confirmed by measuring plasma salicylate concentration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of postoperative emesis, recovery profile, and analgesia in pediatric strabismus repair. Rectal acetaminophen versus intravenous fentanyl-droperidol.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting comprise significant morbidity in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus repair and can prolong hospitalization. Many authors recommend routine intraoperative opiate analgesia and prophylactic antiemetics. ⋯ Prophylactic fentanyl-droperidol prolongs the length-to-stay and recovery time and provides no discrete identifiable benefit over acetaminophen alone in this population. Cost-effectiveness analysis strongly favors use of acetaminophen over fentanyl-droperidol prophylaxis in children undergoing primary strabismus surgery.