Articles: acetaminophen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Evaluating codeine plus paracetamol for pain.
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Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · Apr 1991
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialCentral analgesic effect of acetaminophen but not of aspirin.
The central nervous system effect of acetaminophen (paracetamol) and acetylsalicylic acid was investigated in healthy volunteers according to a crossover, double-blind, and placebo-controlled design. Ten subjects received, by intravenous route, a placebo, 1 gm acetaminophen, and 1 gm acetylsalicylic acid. Analgesia was assessed by measurement of the subjective pain threshold and the objective nociceptive flexion reflex threshold in response to selective transcutaneous electrical stimulations. ⋯ In contrast, acetylsalicylic acid had no noticeable effect on either threshold. These findings show that acetaminophen-induced analgesia is centrally mediated, in contrast to aspirin. The time delay between plasma concentration kinetics and acetaminophen analgesic effect is another argument in favor of its direct action on the central nervous system.
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Review Comparative Study
Clinical and pharmacological review of the efficacy of orphenadrine and its combination with paracetamol in painful conditions.
Orphenadrine citrate, a monomethylated derivative of diphenhydramine, has been used as a muscle relaxant and as an analgesic both alone or as a constituent of combination products. Data on the efficacy of orphenadrine alone and in combination with paracetamol for painful conditions are evaluated in the present review. ⋯ Although only a small number of well-controlled studies have been completed with the combination product of orphenadrine/paracetamol, each supports the view that the combination has superior efficacy over paracetamol alone. There is no doubt that the combination product is more efficacious than placebo.
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A wide variety of agents are available to the clinician for the treatment of pain. The selection of the agent or agents is based on the severity of the pain, the expected duration of the pain, the desired method of administration, types of side effects that will or will not be tolerable, and other patient-specific factors such as pre-existing disease states.