Articles: acetaminophen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Multicenter clinical trial of ibuprofen and acetaminophen in the treatment of postoperative dental pain.
Pharmacological management of pain for acute and chronic conditions has been guided by a scientific understanding of peripheral and central acting mechanisms for the control of inflammation as well as pain. Oral surgery pain is a reliable model to reference the effectiveness of commonly used analgesics such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen. ⋯ After 6 hours, the degree of pain relief and tolerance was assessed. Ibuprofen has important implications for postoperative pain in clinical practice.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Jul 1990
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of intravenous atropine on gastric emptying, paracetamol absorption, salivary flow and heart rate in young and fit elderly volunteers.
1. The effects of atropine on gastric emptying, paracetamol absorption, salivary flow and heart rate were examined in young and elderly subjects. 2. Seven healthy young male subjects of age 23 +/- 1.3 years (mean +/- s.e. mean) and seven fit elderly subjects of age 70 +/- 1.6 years received placebo (P), 300 micrograms atropine (A300) or 600 micrograms atropine (A600) in randomized order at weekly intervals. ⋯ The effect of atropine on salivary flow was greater in the elderly. 4. The dose-response relationship varied in the three systems (stomach, salivary glands and heart rate) studied. Age had an effect on the magnitude of the response, but not on the slope of the dose-response curve for the two doses of atropine studied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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The concentration of glutathione S-transferase B1 (GST B1) subunits was measured in sequential plasma samples taken at frequent intervals for 48 h from ten patients with severe paracetamol poisoning who were treated with intravenous N-acetylcysteine. No significant increase in plasma GST B1 concentration was observed over the study period and with 4 h of starting treatment with N-acetylcysteine there were significant decreases in plasma GST B1 concentrations. None of the patients subsequently developed significant liver damage. At the dose used for the treatment of paracetamol poisoning, N-acetylcysteine has no hepatotoxic effects.
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Journal of periodontology · Apr 1990
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialAnalgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen as compared to acetaminophen and placebo after periodontal surgery.
The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the analgesic efficacy of flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is a phenyl propionic acid derivative, with acetaminophen and placebo in 63 adult outpatients with moderate to severe dental pain following periodontal surgery. After surgery was completed under local anesthesia, the patients received under double-blind conditions an envelope containing four tablets of either flurbiprofen 100 mg, acetaminophen 500 mg, or placebo and they were instructed to take one tablet every 6 hours when postoperative pain reached moderate to severe intensity. ⋯ Flurbiprofen was shown to possess an adequate analgesic effect superior to either placebo (P less than 0.005) or acetaminophen (P less than 0.01) in the parameters studied. Our results seem to further support earlier data obtained with the drug in dental patients with postoperative pain after the surgical removal of impacted third molars; therefore, it is concluded that flurbiprofen used as directed is a new alternative for the proper treatment of pain following periodontal surgery.
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Klinische Wochenschrift · Jan 1990
Comparative StudyAcute effects of vitamin B6 and fixed combinations of vitamin B1, B6 and B12 on nociceptive activity evoked in the rat thalamus: dose-response relationship and combinations with morphine and paracetamol.
Nociceptive activity was elicited in neurones of the thalamus by supramaximal electrical stimulation of afferent C fibres in the sural nerve of rats under urethane anesthesia. The fixed combination of vitamin B1, B6, and B12 (Neurobion) as well as of vitamin B6 administered by i.p. injection dose-dependently reduced the evoked nociceptive activity. The ED50 of Neurobion is 4.6 ml/kg (at 100 min after injection) and that of vitamin B6 is 189 mg/kg (at 90 min after injection). ⋯ It is concluded that the antinociceptive effect caused by a single injection of Neurobion is largely due to vitamin B6. Vitamin B12 may contribute to this effect, whereas vitamin B1 alone exhibited only a slight effect on nociception. Moreover, it appears that Neurobion produces its antinociceptive effect after a single injection and after repeated administration during several days by different mechanisms so that the effect of analgesic agents is not enhanced following a single injection of Neurobion but may be enhanced after repeated administration of the compound.