Articles: acetaminophen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Intravenous N-acetylcysteine improves transplant-free survival in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure.
N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning, might benefit patients with non-acetaminophen-related acute liver failure. ⋯ Intravenous NAC improves transplant-free survival in patients with early stage non-acetaminophen-related acute liver failure. Patients with advanced coma grades do not benefit from NAC and typically require emergency liver transplantation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Paracetamol versus metamizol in the treatment of postoperative pain after breast surgery: a randomized, controlled trial.
Intravenously administered paracetamol is an effective analgesic in postoperative pain management. However, there is a lack of data on the effect of intravenous (i.v.) paracetamol on pain following soft tissue surgery. ⋯ Neither i.v. paracetamol nor i.v. metamizol provided a significant reduction in total postoperative morphine consumption compared with placebo in the management of postoperative pain after elective breast surgery. Administration of paracetamol resulted in a significant reduction in the number of patients needing opioid analgesics to achieve adequate postoperative pain relief.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Ibuprofen provides analgesia equivalent to acetaminophen-codeine in the treatment of acute pain in children with extremity injuries: a randomized clinical trial.
This study compared the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminophen-codeine with that of ibuprofen for children with acute traumatic extremity pain, with the hypothesis that the two medications would demonstrate equivalent reduction in pain scores in an emergency department (ED) setting. ⋯ This study found similar performance of acetaminophen-codeine and ibuprofen in analgesic effectiveness among ED patients aged 5-17 years with acute traumatic extremity pain. Both drugs provided measurable analgesia. Patients tolerated them well, with few treatment failures and minimal adverse effects.
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Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech · Aug 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialEvaluation of intravenous paracetamol administration on postoperative pain and recovery characteristics in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
In this study, the effects of intravenous paracetamol treatment on early postoperative period analgesia and recovery characteristics after laparoscopic cholecystectomy have been evaluated. ⋯ Beside its effective analgesic properties, paracetamol administration during per operative period supports effective and faster recovery.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Aug 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialO-demethylation of codeine to morphine inhibited by low-dose levomepromazine.
Codeine/paracetamol (C/P) and levomepromazine (L) are frequently co-administered for the treatment of acute back pain, but the efficacy/effectiveness of this combination drug therapy has not been evaluated. The demethylation of codeine to morphine is catalyzed by the polymorphic enzyme cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6), of which levomepromazine (methotrimeprazine) is a known inhibitor. The aim of this study was to investigate whether low-dose levomepromazine inhibits the formation of morphine from codeine in a patient population of homozygous extensive (EM) and heterozygous extensive (HEM) metabolizers of CYP2D6. ⋯ Our study revealed significant inhibition in the O-demethylation of codeine to morphine in homozygous EM of CYP2D6 treated with low-dose levomepromazine and codeine/paracetamol, compared to treatment with codeine/paracetamol only. No significant difference could be detected in HEM or in the mixed and heterogenous group of EM/HEM. In patients prescribed this drug combination, the amount of morphine generated by the O-demethylation of codeine may be insufficient for effective pain relief. The therapeutic effect of codeine in the treatment of acute back pain should be assessed with and without levomepromazine.