Articles: cations.
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To compare awake craniotomy using conscious sedation technique versus conventional general anesthesia (GA) for excision of low-grade glioma encroaching on eloquent brain. ⋯ Compared to GA, awake craniotomy is a relatively simple non-expensive procedure that allows tumor removal guided by physiology rather than anatomy.
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The objective of this study was to analyze the net effects of nurse practice environments on nurse and patient outcomes after accounting for nurse staffing and education. ⋯ Care environment elements must be optimized alongside nurse staffing and education to achieve high quality of care.
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Malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma is a rare complication. While any of the constituent tissues of a teratoma has the potential to undergo malignant transformation, squamous cell carcinoma is the most commonly associated malignancy. Renal carcinoid tumors are rare and frequently associated with horseshoe kidney and renal teratoma. Renal teratoma rarely presents together with carcinoid tumor or adenocarcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, there has never been a report of renal teratoma coexisting with both carcinoid tumor and adenocarcinoma. ⋯ This unique and first case herein presented with synchronous primary carcinoid tumor and primary adenocarcinoma arising within mature cystic teratoma of horseshoe kidney emphasizes the need for thorough sectioning and entire submission for histologic evaluation of mature cystic teratomas, in order to avoid missing multiple additional histogenetically distinct neoplasms.