Articles: cations.
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Crush syndrome (CS), also known as traumatic rhabdomyolysis, is the leading cause of death following extrication from structural collapse due to earthquakes. Due to the unfeasibility of human studies, animal models are used to study crush syndrome pathophysiology, including biochemistry and treatment regimes. The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify the differences and benefits of various animal models used in the study of CS and provide valuable information for design of future research. ⋯ Small animals are suitable for researches exploring the mechanism of disease or drug efficacy while large animals can work better with clinical application-related researches. In regard to the choice of modeling method, compressing the certain muscle of animals by heavy things is superior to others to cause systemic trauma-related rhabdomyolysis signs. In addition, due to the significant burden of crush injuries on animals, further attention shall be paid to the selection of the most suitable anesthetics and appropriate analgesics.
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The United States is projected to face increasing physician-workforce shortages. However, the shortage in the neurosurgical workforce has not yet been characterized. In the present study, we outlined the current state of the neurosurgical workforce by quantifying the divide between the number of practicing neurosurgeons and the U.S. ⋯ Although the national NPCR has slowly increased during the past 5 years, a more recent decrease occurred within the last 3 years. Additionally, with almost 57% of surgeons having been practicing for >20 years, concern exists regarding whether current practices can sustain increasing patient needs. The results from the present study indicate that further investigation is warranted regarding the factors contributing to this shortage and the steps that can be taken to increase the production of well-trained neurosurgeons.
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Radiation-induced changes (RICs) in brain tissue, seen as increased perinidal T2-weighted hyperintensity on MRI, are commonly observed in patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) within 2 years after Gamma Knife (Elekta) radiosurgery (GKRS). ⋯ Large BAVMs and neoangiogenesis were associated with moderate to severe RICs in treatment-naïve patients with BAVMs. Our findings may assist with the complication risk assessment for these patients.
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There has been an increasing number of reported errors in neurosurgical publications. Subsequent published correction details in the form of errata and corrigenda has not been analyzed previously. Our study aims to review the published errata and corrigenda in neurosurgical literature, and we discuss the characteristics and future implications of postpublication errors. ⋯ Observations of postpublication corrections across a wide range of studies prompted more awareness of errors in the neurosurgical literature regardless of impact factors and level of evidence. More standardization in the recognition and acknowledgment of errors, with active engagements from authors, readers, editors, and publishers, is recommended.
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Allograft nephrectomy (AN) has been associated with considerable perioperative morbidity. We aimed to determine if preoperative angiographic kidney embolization (PAKE) to induce graft thrombosis before AN improves outcomes. ⋯ PAKE was associated with lower intraoperative blood loss, fewer transfusions, reduced operating time, shorter length of stay, and fewer surgical complications compared with AN alone at our center.