Articles: cations.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Mar 2022
ReviewAccuracy of ultrasonography predicting spread location following intraneural and subparaneural injections: a scoping review.
Ultrasonography is useful for detecting intraneural injections. However, the reliability of the sonographic findings of intraneural and subparaneural injections in terms of true spread location and their association with intrafascicular deposits has not been systematically evaluated. ⋯ Our results suggest that sonographic parameters of intraneural and subparaneural injections are reliable in terms of detecting spread location. Intrafascicular injectate deposition may occur, albeit infrequently, particularly in the proximal brachial plexus. Our findings support the judicious interrogation of sonographic parameters suggestive of incipient intraneural injection.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2022
ReviewNarrative Medicine: Perioperative Opportunities and Applicable Health Services Research Methods.
Narrative medicine is a humanities-based discipline that posits that attention to the patient narrative and the collaborative formation of a narrative between the patient and provider is essential for the provision of health care. In this Special Article, we review the basic theoretical constructs of the narrative medicine discipline and apply them to the perioperative setting. ⋯ We then examine the importance of incorporating narrative medicine into medical education and residency training and evaluate the literature on such narrative medicine didactics. Finally, we discuss applying health services research, specifically qualitative and mixed methods, in the rigorous evaluation of the efficacy and impact of narrative medicine clinical programs and medical education curricula.
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Complication rates after colectomy remain high. Previous work has failed to establish the relative contribution of patient comorbidities, surgeon performance, and hospital systems in the development of complications after elective colectomy. ⋯ This study demonstrated that variance from measured factors at the patient level contributed more than 8-fold more to the development of complications after colectomy compared with variance at the surgeon and hospital level, highlighting the impact of patient comorbidities on postoperative outcomes. These results underscore the importance of initiatives that optimize patient foundational health to improve surgical care.
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The effects of brain stimulation on memory formation in humans have shown conflicting results in previous studies. We hypothesized that direct cortical stimulation using an implanted responsive neurostimulation (RNS) system will improve memory. ⋯ Verbal memory improves by direct cortical stimulation during a list-learning task. The RNS system can be effectively used in memory research using direct cortical stimulation. This study has implications in the development of neurostimulation devices for cognitive enhancement in conditions such as epilepsy, dementia, and traumatic brain injury.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Mar 2022
Review[Usage of Artificial Intelligence in the Combat against the COVID-19 Pandemic].
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency of historic dimension. In this situation, researchers worldwide wanted to help manage the pandemic by using artificial intelligence (AI). ⋯ The addressed aspects encompass AI algorithms for analysis of thoracic X-rays or CTs, prediction models for severity and outcome of the disease, AI applications in development of new drugs and vaccines as well as forecasting models for spread of the virus. The review shows, which approaches were pursued, and which were successful.