Articles: cations.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Mar 2022
Review[Usage of Artificial Intelligence in the Combat against the COVID-19 Pandemic].
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health emergency of historic dimension. In this situation, researchers worldwide wanted to help manage the pandemic by using artificial intelligence (AI). ⋯ The addressed aspects encompass AI algorithms for analysis of thoracic X-rays or CTs, prediction models for severity and outcome of the disease, AI applications in development of new drugs and vaccines as well as forecasting models for spread of the virus. The review shows, which approaches were pursued, and which were successful.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2022
Association Between Changes in Postoperative Opioid Utilization and Long-Term Health Care Spending Among Surgical Patients With Chronic Opioid Utilization.
There is growing interest in identifying and developing interventions aimed at reducing the risk of increased, long-term opioid use among surgical patients. While understanding how these interventions impact health care spending has important policy implications and may facilitate the widespread adoption of these interventions, the extent to which they may impact health care spending among surgical patients who utilize opioids chronically is unknown. ⋯ Among patients with chronic opioid utilization before surgery, subsequent increases in opioid utilization during the first postoperative year were associated with increased health care spending during that timeframe, while subsequent decreases in opioid utilization were associated with decreased health care spending.
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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, firearm violence events, alcohol and drug use problems, and major depression and suicidal ideation are endemic among patients admitted to US trauma centers. Despite increasing policy importance, the current availability of screening and intervention services for this constellation of conditions in US trauma centers is unknown. ⋯ Alcohol screening and intervention is occurring frequently at US trauma centers and appears to be responsive to American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma verification requirements. Routine screening and intervention services for PTSD and firearm injury were occurring less frequently. Regular national surveys may be a key element of tracking progress in national mental health and substance use screening, intervention, and referral policy.