Articles: cations.
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To determine the therapeutic effects of dietary supplementation on Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). ⋯ I3C is a powerful treatment to reduce impact of CDI in mice. The findings indicate I3C may be acting through both AHR-dependent and -independent mechanisms in this model. Dietary supplementation with I3C is a potential new therapy for prevention and amelioration of C. difficile disease.
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Surgical resection of a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) poses a technical challenge because of the fragility and number of small feeding and draining vessels around the nidus. Acquiring knowledge of the optimal force applied to such tissue is important in surgical performance and education. ⋯ Excessive force at the tool tip may result in injury to fragile vessels during AVM surgery. A quantifiable metric through force sensing instruments can detect and predict the occurrence of such injury. Such an instrument may be ideal for resident training and evaluation.