Articles: dentistry.
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Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed · Jan 1999
Biography Historical Article[Gabor Vida. "The dental operation at night"].
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Aug 1998
Clinical Trial[Use of the laryngeal mask in oral and dental surgery].
The suitability of the laryngeal mask (LM) for anesthesia in oral and dental surgery of the face was investigated considering in particular the risks of aspiration and dislocation. We also examined acceptability to the surgeon. ⋯ Leakage due to dislocation of the LM and airway obstruction only leads to a relevant risk of SaO2 to drop if both components occur simultaneously. With increasing experience and close cooperation between surgeon and anesthesiologist, they may be almost completely avoided so that even exposure of the lower, wisdorri teeth will seldom iiecessiiate the LM to be replaced by ETA. In relation to the tongue depressor, cuff pressure should be kept at low levels in order to obtain better flexibility of the LM. The LM provides sufficient protection against aspiration of intraoperative fluid in the pharynx. Acceptability to the surgeon is high because of good operative conditions and shortened periods in between two operations when compared to ETA. Improved protective reflex responses after the operation and its advantages when used in patients with tightness of the jaw make the LM a suitable instrument for anesthesia in oral and dental surgery.
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Infusion of propofol by a target-controlled infusion (TCI) system is effective in achieving conscious sedation for anxious patients presenting for dental surgery. It is a common clinical observation that anxious patients require more anaesthetic drugs than non-anxious individuals. In study 1 we have defined blood propofol concentrations necessary for conscious sedation in both anxious (n = 23) and non-anxious (n = 18) patients. ⋯ In study 2, an optimized set of microconstants was derived which should more accurately predict the pharmacokinetic profile of the anxious population and this set was tested prospectively in another group of 12 anxious dental patients. Bias and precision with the optimized kinetic set were significantly less than the values obtained in study 1. We conclude that there was no significant pharmacokinetic differences between anxious and non-anxious subjects receiving subanaesthetic doses of propofol for conscious sedation.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Mar 1998
Comparative Study[Anesthesiological provisions in ambulatory dentistry].
Ten methods of intravenous anesthesia for dental treatment were used in 6504 patients in an outpatient setting. Drug doses were assessed in 504 patients and complications caused by anesthesia analyzed. Intravenous anesthesia with combinations of diprivan, diazepam (relanium), calipsol, and tramal is preferable. The most prevalent complication of anesthesia which requires special treatment is aseptic postinjection phlebitis, most incident after sombrevin.
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Sharps injuries are common in dental practice and may allow transmission of blood-borne viruses. The transmission rates of hepatitis B (HBV) to non-vaccinated recipients, hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after a needlestick injury are 6-30%, 2.7-10% and 0.1-0.3% respectively. ⋯ First-aid for sharps injuries and post-exposure management of those involving sources with HBV and HIV are described. Anticipation, planning and training can reduce the incidence of injuries and minimise their impact.