Articles: benzodiazepines.
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Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med · Jun 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudySedative premedication before surgery--A multicentre randomized study versus placebo.
Anxiolytic premedication before non-ambulatory surgery in adult patients may have become of less importance in an era of better preoperative patient information. Moreover, an oral hypnotic given the night before surgery may be as efficient as an anxiolytic for relieving patient anxiety. These two strategies were compared for superiority to a placebo and to each other for non-inferiority. ⋯ Premedication in non-ambulatory surgery is no more effective than a placebo, owing to the very moderate level of anxiety experienced by patients.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Inappropriate prescribing to the oldest old patients admitted to hospital: prevalence, most frequently used medicines, and associated factors.
Scientific evidence on treatments of chronic diseases in patients 85 years old or older is very limited, as is available information on inappropriate prescription (IP) and its associated factors. The study aimed to describe medicine prescription, potentially inappropriate medicines (PIM) and potentially prescribing omissions (PPO) and their associated factors on this population. ⋯ Prescribed medicines and PIM and PPO prevalence were high among patients 85 years and over. Benzodiazepine use in those who are prone to falls and omission of calcium and vitamin D in those with osteoporosis were the most frequent PIM and PPO, respectively. Factors associated with PIM and PPO differed with polypharmacy being the most important factor associated with PIM.
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Journal of critical care · Apr 2015
Multicenter StudyMulticenter evaluation of pharmacologic management and outcomes associated with severe resistant alcohol withdrawal.
A subset of patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome does not respond to benzodiazepine treatment despite escalating doses. Resistant alcohol withdrawal (RAW) is associated with higher incidences of mechanical ventilation and nosocomial pneumonia and longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay. The objective of this study is to characterize pharmacologic management of RAW and outcomes. ⋯ Diverse patterns exist in the management of patients meeting RAW criteria, indicating lack of refined approach to treatment. High doses of sedatives used for these patients may result in a high level of care, illustrating a need for evidence-based clinical guidelines to optimize outcomes.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyA double-blind randomized Phase II study of olanzapine 10 mg versus 5 mg for emesis induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
A randomized Phase II dose-finding trial comparing olanzapine 10 mg with olanzapine 5 mg for patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy with cisplatin was started in June 2014. The purpose of the trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the two olanzapine doses and to determine which is more promising as a test arm for comparison with the current standard antiemetic care (a combination of aprepitant, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and dexamethasone) in a subsequent Phase III trial. ⋯ The primary endpoint is complete response defined as no emetic episodes and no use of rescue medications in the delayed (24-120 h) phase. This trial has been registered at the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000014214.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
[Effectiveness of short educational intervention in patients with insomnia in primary care].
To evaluate the effectiveness of providing an educational intervention in primary care (PC) alongside a pharmacological treatment for insomnia. ⋯ The educational intervention in PC improves sleep quality and reduces the need of treatment with benzodiacepines.