Articles: pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ibuprofen and acetaminophen in the relief of postpartum episiotomy pain.
A single-dose, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted to examine the relative analgesic efficacy of ibuprofen 400 mg (n = 36), acetaminophen 1000 mg (n = 37), and placebo (n = 38) in postpartum patients who had moderate to severe pain after episiotomy. At regular intervals over 4 hours, patients evaluated pain severity and relief on categorical scales and completed a categorical overall evaluation at the end of the trial. ⋯ No adverse effects were reported. Based on the results of this conventional postpartum episiotomy pain model, both agents are considered efficacious and ibuprofen 400 mg is a more effective analgesic for the relief of acute pain than acetaminophen 1000 mg.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Double-blind clinical trial of nefopam in comparison with pentazocine in surgical patients.
A double-blind clinical study comparing a new non-narcotic analgesic, nefopam, with pentazocine was carried out on 50 Indian patients. Forty patients had undergone surgical procedures, and the remaining 10 had musculoskeletal or traumatic disorders. There were 25 patients in each group. ⋯ It was also noted that the incidence of side effects was greater in the pentazocine group (61) than the nefopam group (22), the difference being statistically highly significant (p less than 0.001, chi 2-test). A few patients (score 4) in both groups required additional morphine as relief analgesic on the first day of therapy. Thus the non-narcotic nefopam is equally effective as the narcotic pentazocine and has less side effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Oral controlled-release morphine sulfate. Analgesic efficacy and side effects of a 100-mg tablet in cancer pain patients.
Fifty-one cancer pain patients with limited opioid exposure participated in a randomized, double-blind, repeated-dose, parallel-group comparison of two dosage strengths of the controlled-release morphine preparation, MS Contin tablets (The Purdue Frederick Company, Norwalk, CT). The patients were first stabilized on immediate-release oral morphine 30 mg every 4 hours, with 15 mg available every 2 hours as needed for breakthrough pain ("rescue" dose). Each patient then received either one 100 mg MS Contin tablet or three 30-mg MS Contin tablets every 12 hours, with rescue medication as needed, for 3 days. ⋯ In the study population as a whole, pain intensity was lower and total morphine intake higher during the period on controlled-release morphine. These data establish comparable analgesic efficacy and side effect potential of these two dosage strengths and confirm a 12-hour duration of effect for both. The improved analgesia on the controlled-release morphine may be attributable to increased consumption of drug resulting from improved compliance.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · May 1989
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEpidural morphine by the thoracic or lumbar routes in cholecystectomy. Effect on postoperative pain and respiratory variables.
Thirty-seven women undergoing elective cholecystectomy were randomised into two groups, receiving either lumbar epidural morphine (group L) or epidural morphine via the thoracic route (group T). The effect on pain relief was assessed by a visual analogue scale and included both resting pain and 'provoked' pain. ⋯ No significant difference was observed between the groups concerning pain relief or respiratory performance. We conclude that after cholecystectomy lumbar epidural morphine is as effective as thoracic epidural morphine in relieving postoperative pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for postoperative pain.
This study examined the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on incisional pain caused by the procedure of cleaning and packing an abdominal surgical wound. Seventy-five subjects (mean age 56.9 years) were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: TENS, placebo-TENS, or no-treatment control. ⋯ Subjects who received TENS reported a significantly lower level of pain after dressing change than did those subjects who received either placebo-TENS or no-treatment. Drug administration variables did not contribute significantly to level of reported pain.