Articles: pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesic efficacy of an ibuprofen-codeine combination.
Subjects who had undergone dental impaction surgery and who had moderate to severe postoperative pain were given, under double-blind, randomized conditions, a single dose of either codeine 60 mg, aspirin 650 mg, ibuprofen 400 mg, aspirin 650 mg + codeine 60 mg, ibuprofen 400 mg + codeine 60 mg, or placebo. A total of 249 subjects were included in the statistical analysis. On a report form, subjects recorded pain intensity, pain relief, and side effects hourly for four hours. ⋯ There was no notable difference in the frequency or intensity of side effects among the treatment groups, and no subject had to withdraw due to an adverse effect. This study again confirms the superiority of ibuprofen to aspirin and suggests that ibuprofen is at least as effective as an aspirin-codeine combination. Codeine added a small amount of additional analgesia when used in combination with ibuprofen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Buprenorphine and morphine efficacy in postoperative pain: a double-blind multiple-dose study.
The analgesic activity of buprenorphine was monitored versus that of morphine in a double-blind, randomized, multiple-dose, parallel-design study involving 97 postsurgical patients. Patients could receive intramuscular injections of either buprenorphine (0.3, o.45, or 0.6 mg) or morphine (10, 15, or 20 mg) every 3 or more hours. ⋯ It has been suggested that the addictive potential of buprenorphine may be less than that of morphine. Since both drugs seem to be effective analgesics, buprenorphine appears to offer an effective and safe alternative to morphine for patients with acute pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Controlled comparison of I.M. morphine and buprenorphine for analgesia after abdominal surgery.
In a double-blind randomized non-crossover trial 47 patients received either morphine or buprenorphine by regular i.m. injection for 24 h after abdominal surgery. The two drugs were equally effective as analgesics at the doses used. ⋯ The remainder of the buprenorphine group developed progressively slower respiration rates after 12 h. The results indicate that buprenorphine has a synergistic respiratory depressant effect with fentanyl and phenoperidine and may have a cumulative effect when given regularly on a 6-hourly regimen.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEpidural morphine for postoperative analgesia: a double-blind study.
Postoperative analgesia and the side effects of epidurally injected morphine were investigated in a double-blind study. Following lumbar epidural anesthesia for orthopedic operations, 174 patients received, in a randomized, double-blind fashion, either 0.1 mg/kg of morphine epidurally, 0.1 mg/kg of morphine intramuscularly, or saline epidurally at the end of surgery. Following epidural morphine, postoperative pain was les frequent, less intense and of shorter duration, use of analgesics and sedative was less frequent; and the postoperative feeling of well-being rated better than after systemic morphine or epidural saline. ⋯ The results were age independent. Side effects following epidural morphine included pruritus and disturbances of micturition. Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and headache were of comparable frequency in the three groups.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEpidural morphine for postoperative pain relief: a comparative study with intramuscular narcotic and intercostal nerve block.
The relatively new technique of epidural morphine analgesia was compared with two well established method of pain relief in 90 patients undergoing gallbladder surgery and divided randomly into three groups of 30 patients each. The first group received intramuscular narcotic analgesic ketobemidone, the second group was given 0.5% bupivacaine-epinephrine intercostal nerve block, and the third group received a single dose of 4 mg of epidural morphine for postoperative pain relief. The mean duration of analgesia after ketobemidone was 5.5 hours, and after intercostal block 11 hours. ⋯ Delayed respiratory depression was not encountered after epidural morphine. It is concluded that a single dose of 4 mg of epidural morphine provides excellent regional analgesia of long duration without drowsiness or circulatory of respiratory depression thus facilitating early ambulation. The technique is superior to more common methods of pain relief after gallbladder surgery, e.g., intercostal nerve block and intramuscular narcotics.