Articles: pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) for the treatment of breakthrough pain in cancer patients: a controlled dose titration study.
Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) is a novel opioid formulation in which the potent synthetic mu-agonist fentanyl is embedded in a sweetened matrix that is dissolved in the mouth. It is undergoing investigation as a treatment for cancer-related breakthrough pain, a prevalent phenomenon defined as a transitory flare of moderate to severe pain that interrupts otherwise controlled persistent pain. There have been no controlled trials of other treatments for this condition. ⋯ OTFC appears to be a safe and effective therapy for breakthrough pain, and dose titration can usually identify a unit dose capable of providing adequate analgesia. If the lack of a relationship between the effective OTFC dose and fixed schedule opioid regimen is confirmed, dose titration may be needed in the clinical use of this formulation. Further investigation of OTFC as a specific treatment for breakthrough pain is warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The efficacy of developmentally sensitive interventions and sucrose for relieving procedural pain in very low birth weight neonates.
Procedural pain management for very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates has been minimal or nonexistent in most neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). ⋯ The most efficacious interventions for reducing pain from single painful events were the pacifier with sucrose and the pacifier with sterile water. Research on the efficacy and safety of implementing these interventions, alone and in combination, for repeated painful procedures is needed. In addition, research is needed on the influence of implementing these interventions on pain response and clinical outcomes (e.g., health status and neurodevelopmental status) in VLBW neonates in the NICU.
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J Cataract Refract Surg · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialEfficacy and safety of nonpreserved ketorolac ophthalmic solution in postoperative ocular pain following radial keratotomy.
To investigate the efficacy and safety of nonpreserved ketorolac tromethamine 0.5% ophthalmic solution in relieving pain following radial keratotomy (RK). ⋯ Nonpreserved ketorolac tromethamine 0.5% ophthalmic solution was significantly more effective than, and as safe as, the vehicle in alleviating the postoperative pain associated with RK. This resulted in significant improvements in patient quality of life and less need for oral analgesics, suggesting that topical ketorolac is an appropriate treatment option for ocular pain following RK.
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Neurological research · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialAssociation between peridural scar and activity-related pain after lumbar discectomy.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between activity-related pain six months after first surgery for herniated lumbar disc, and the extent of lumbar epidural fibrosis present at the surgical site, assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. The 298 patients who underwent surgery for lumbar disc herniation were studied in a randomized, controlled, double-blind multicenter clinical trial to test the effectiveness of the scar-inhibiting device ADCON-L. Clinical assessments were conducted pre-operatively and at 1, 3, and 6 month intervals post-operatively, and included wound examination, magnetic resonance imaging scar assessment, and the Johns Hopkins activity-related pain questionnaire. ⋯ Repeated measures analysis demonstrated that patients who received treatment with ADCON-L at the time of surgery experienced less activity-related pain through the 12-month assessment (p = 0.05). A significant association between extensive epidural scar and activity-related pain is demonstrated. Patients with less scar had less activity related pain, confirming the finding that the use of the scar inhibitor ADCON-L has a positive effect on surgical outcome.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Gabapentin for the symptomatic treatment of painful neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.
Pain is the most disturbing symptom of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. As many as 45% of patients with diabetes mellitus develop peripheral neuropathies. ⋯ Gabapentin monotherapy appears to be efficacious for the treatment of pain and sleep interference associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and exhibits positive effects on mood and quality of life.