Articles: pain.
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Prior exposure to others' facial expressions of pain can lead to a facilitation of pain responses, including its corresponding response channel, namely facial responses to pain. It has been questioned, however, whether this vicarious pain facilitation occurs only when observing others' pain or whether the observation of other negative expressions can trigger similar facilitation of facial responses to pain. The study aimed to test this, by comparing the impact of viewing others' facial expressions of pain versus another negative expression (sadness) and two control expressions (neutral, happiness) on facial responses to pain. ⋯ Facial responses to pain - along with subjective and autonomic responses - are reduced when observing others' expressions of happiness, demonstrating pain modulation by positive affective social signals, which may also transfer to clinical contexts.
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Journal of women's health · Jan 2025
An Analysis of Opioid Consumption and Patient Recovery after Hysterectomy by Surgical Approach.
Background: Minimally invasive hysterectomy is preferred to open hysterectomy due to lower morbidity, but recent data regarding the association of surgical approach with patient recovery and opioid consumption are lacking. Objective: To analyze how postoperative opioid use and return to baseline activity vary by surgical approach for hysterectomy. Study design: This was a retrospective cohort study including hysterectomy patients from the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative registry that was linked to the State of Michigan's prescription drug monitoring program. ⋯ Other covariates associated with lower opioid consumption included older age and year of surgery in 2019 versus 2018. Predicted probability of return to baseline activities >4 weeks after surgery was 51% (44-57%), 43% (40-45%), and 64% (60-69%) for vaginal, laparoscopic, and open hysterectomy, respectively. Conclusion: Minimally invasive approaches to hysterectomy are associated with lower postoperative opioid consumption and a more rapid recovery relative to open hysterectomy.
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Pain medicine is an advanced medical subspecialty incorporating trainees from diverse primary disciplines. A curriculum that does not assess or promote the trainees' differential expertise developed from their primary specialties may silo instead of promoting collaborative learning in a multidisciplinary subspecialty. ⋯ We created a novel note-taking and knowledge-sharing platform, anchored by a well-established case-based educational strategy, to improve the learning environment and knowledge retention for multidisciplinary trainees with heterogeneous baseline knowledge.
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Interventions aimed at preventing chronic pain after acute traumatic injury have significant potential to reduce healthcare expenditures and improve quality of life for millions of individuals. Given recent development of such interventions, limited research has examined mechanisms of change using repeated measures (e.g., session-by-session assessments). This study examines within-person relationships between pain catastrophizing and intensity during and after a four-session mind-body intervention for individuals with acute traumatic orthopedic injury (N = 76, T = 445). ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: This study examines within-person relationships between pain catastrophizing and intensity during and after a four-session mind-body intervention to prevent persistent pain after acute traumatic orthopedic injury. Improved catastrophizing at post-test was associated with reduced pain with activity at three-month follow-up. Within-person analyses enhance understanding of psychosocial mechanisms for preventing chronic pain after injury.
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Pain is the leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. Despite the increasing burden for patients and healthcare systems, pain research remains underfunded and under focused. Having stakeholders identify and prioritize areas that need urgent attention in the field will help focus funding topics, reduce 'research waste', improve the effectiveness of pain research and therapy and promote the uptake of research evidence. In this study, the European Pain Federation (EFIC) developed a Pain Research Strategy for Europe. ⋯ EFIC has developed a Pain Research Strategy for Europe that identifies pain research areas deserving the most focus and financial support. Implementation and wide dissemination of this Strategy is vital to increase the conduct of urgent pain projects, pain research funding and the implementation of research findings into practice, to ultimately decrease the personal, societal and financial burden of pain.