Articles: pain.
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The effect of epidural morphine on the duration of action of epidural 2-chloroprocaine was studied in a double-blind fashion in 30 patients following elective Caesarean section. When compared to epidural saline controls (n = 15), patients (n = 15) who received epidural morphine (4.0-5.0 mg) did not experience a prolongation or reduction in the duration of the somatic or sympathetic nervous system blockades produced by epidural 2-chloroprocaine.
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Ann R Coll Surg Engl · Nov 1983
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPost-thoracotomy pain relief: combined use of cryoprobe and morphine infusion techniques.
In a reported study we found that freezing of the intercostal nerves under direct vision at thoracotomy provided better postoperative analgesia than im morphine on demand. Infusions of morphine were also more effective than when used by the intramuscular route. ⋯ Further studies were carried out to evaluate the benefit of combining 'cryoprobe' analgesia with infusions of morphine. The combined use of morphine infusion and a cryoprobe did not produce greater postoperative pain relief than the use of the cryoprobe alone with im morphine on demand.
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Critical care medicine · Nov 1983
Clinical TrialPatient-controlled inhalational analgesia in prehospital care: a study of side-effects and feasibility.
A clinical trial of a 50:50 mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen for pain relief was carried out to determine the feasibility of its use in a field setting and the side-effects produced by this sedative/analgesic. The gas mixture was delivered from a single-tank system using a demand-valve apparatus which was triggered by the patient's inspiratory effort. This "patient-controlled" sedation/analgesia was provided to 1243 patients over a period of 18 months. ⋯ No consistent or clinically adverse changes were found in BP or pulse rates. The trial supports the concept that this agent is a promising sedative/analgesic for the relief of mild to moderate pain and anxiety. Because of its safety, it is particularly suited to use in prehospital emergency care.
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Br J Clin Pharmacol · Nov 1983
The analgesic effect of the GABA-agonist THIP in patients with chronic pain of malignant origin. A phase-1-2 study.
Fourteen patients with chronic pain of malignant origin were treated with escalating doses of THIP intramuscularly 5-30 mg in an open phase 1 study. Analgesic activity was demonstrated in 60% of the patients at the level of 20 mg THIP and a dose response relation was present. Side effects, sedation, dizziness, euphoria, nausea, and blurred vision were present in up to 80% of the patients and were dose limiting. ⋯ Mean t1/2 was 1.52 +/- 0.63 h and the clearance was 0.49 +/- 0.181 min. Significant correlations were demonstrated between serum concentration, dose of THIP, analgesic effect and side effects. It is concluded that THIP cannot be used for the treatment of chronic cancer pain, not because of insufficient analgesic effect but because of unacceptable side effects.
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We studied the effect of depth of lidocaine injection into the skin, rate of injection, and temperature of the solution on pain experienced. The intervals of onset and duration of anesthesia were also evaluated. ⋯ Full anesthesia to pinprick is produced immediately with superficial injection and is present 5 to 6 minutes after deep injection. We suggest that the best method for minimizing the discomfort of inducing local anesthesia is to use a syringe fitted with a No. 30 needle and to inject the smallest amount necessary slowly into the deep dermal-subcutaneous tissue as the needle is being slowly withdrawn.