Articles: pain-management.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Analgesic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential currents on heat pain in healthy subjects.
This study examined whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or interferential current was more effective in reducing experimentally induced heat pain. Forty-eight young healthy subjects were randomly divided into the following groups: (i) transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; (ii) interferential current; and (iii) no stimulation. A multi-function electrical stimulator was used to generate the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or interferential current. ⋯ The thresholds of the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current groups were significantly higher than that of the control group 30 minutes into the stimulation (p = 0.017). Both transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and interferential current increased the heat pain threshold to a similar extent during stimulation. However, the post-stimulation effect of interferential current lasted longer than that of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
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Clinical rehabilitation · Nov 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialDoes four weeks of TENS and/or isometric exercise produce cumulative reduction of osteoarthritic knee pain?
To evaluate the cumulative effect of repeated transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on chronic osteoarthritic (OA) knee pain over a four-week treatment period, comparing it to that of placebo stimulation and exercise training given alone or in combination with TENS. ⋯ The four treatment protocols did not show significant between-group difference over the study period. It was interesting to note that isometric exercise training of the quadriceps alone also reduced knee pain towards the end of the treatment period.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis for patients at risk: a randomized controlled trial.
Recent developments in chronic pain research suggest that effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) may be optimized when applying early, customized treatments to patients at risk. For this purpose, a randomized, controlled trial with tailor-made treatment modules was conducted among patients with relatively early rheumatoid arthritis (RA disease duration of <8 years), who had been screened for psychosocial risk profiles. All participants received standard medical care from a rheumatologist and rheumatology nurse consultant. ⋯ Specifically, fatigue and depression were significantly reduced at post-treatment and at the 6-month follow-up in the CBT condition in comparison to the control condition, while perceived support increased at follow-up assessment. In addition, helplessness decreased at post-treatment and follow-up assessment, active coping with stress increased at post-treatment, and compliance with medication increased at follow-up assessment in the CBT condition in comparison to the control condition. Results indicate the effectiveness of tailor-made CBT for patients at risk in relatively early RA, and supply preliminary support for the idea that customizing treatments to patient characteristics may be a way to optimize CBT effectiveness in RA patients.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Nov 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffect of "ionized" wrist bracelets on musculoskeletal pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
To assess objectively the perceived benefits of wearing an "ionized" wrist bracelet to treat muscle or joint pain. ⋯ The finding that subjective improvement in pain scores was equivalent with ionized and placebo bracelet use questions the benefit of using an ionized bracelet. New treatments in alternative medical therapy must be shown to be effective through vigorous, unbiased, objective testing before physicians acknowledge potential benefits or recommend these treatments to patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of a controlled exercise trial on pain in nursing home residents.
To report preliminary data relevant to the effects of an exercise and toileting intervention on pain among incontinent nursing home (NH) residents. ⋯ No significant changes in pain reports were attributable to exercise despite significant improvements in physical performance. In fact, there was a tendency for pain reports to increase with exercise. These preliminary findings suggest that exercise alone may be ineffective for pain management among incontinent NH residents. Care providers should consider that exercise to improve physical function may increase pain symptoms, requiring preemptive analgesia, other pain control strategies, or modified exercise techniques for this frail segment of the NH population.