Articles: ninos.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jul 2018
Second cancers in Hodgkin's lymphoma long-term survivals: A 60-year single institutional experience with real-life cohort of 871 patients.
Appropriate surveillance guidelines for patients after successful treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) are needed to reduce mortality of iatrogenic secondary cancers (SC). This large single institutional retrospective study analyses the risk of SC in HL patients treated outside of clinical trials over past decades. ⋯ Patients with HL are generally at great risk of developing SC, which is significantly increased especially by the use of radiotherapy. We suggested special follow-up schema for patients after initial HL treatment suitable for daily real-world clinical practice. The system depends on gender, form of HL treatment and especially the form of radiation therapy in terms of location of radiation fields.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jul 2018
ReviewNovel non-invasive biomarkers diagnostic of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients: A systematic review.
Acute rejection is a significant complication detrimental to kidney transplant function. Current accepted means of diagnosis is percutaneous renal biopsy, a costly and invasive procedure. There is an urgent need to detect and validate non-invasive biomarkers capable of replacing the biopsy. ⋯ Although larger, more robust multi-centre validation studies are needed before non-invasive biomarkers can replace the biopsy, numerous candidate tests have demonstrated significant promise for various facets of postoperative management. Suggested uses include: ruling out patients with a low risk of acute rejection to avoid the need for biopsy, non-invasive testing where the biopsy is contraindicated and a prompt diagnosis is needed, and integration into a serial blood monitoring protocol in conjunction with serum creatinine.
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Hospital readmission is a significant problem for patients with complex chronic illnesses such as liver cirrhosis. ⋯ Hospital readmissions frequently occur in patients with cirrhosis and are associated with liver disease severity. The impact of functional and social factors on readmissions is unclear.
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The term malnutrition includes malnutrition due to excess or obesity, underweight as well as stunted growth. Its prevalence in a population can be estimated using anthropometric variables. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in Galician schoolchildren aged 6 to 15years in the school year 2013-2014. ⋯ In Galicia, 16 out of every 100 schoolchildren aged 6 to 15years had malnutrition, with that due to excess or obesity being the most frequent. Prevalence of underweight and short stature did not exceed 1%. This data shows that primary prevention measures should be promoted at an early age to reduce malnutrition due to excess or adiposity, in particular.
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Hypertension is common, affecting over one billion people worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, hypertensive disease not only affects the older population but is becoming increasingly prevalent in younger individuals. In South Africa (SA), >30% of the adult population has hypertension, making it the single most common cardiovascular risk factor and the predominant contributor to cardiovascular disease and mortality. Elevated blood pressure is the most common perioperative comorbidity encountered in non-cardiac surgical patients, with an overall prevalence of 20 - 25%, and it remains poorly controlled in low- and middle-income countries. Hypertension in the perioperative setting may adversely affect patient outcome. It therefore not only flags possible perioperative challenges to anaesthesiologists, but also identifies patients at risk of long-term morbidity and mortality. ⋯ The perioperative period may be an important opportunity to identify undiagnosed hypertensive patients. The perioperative encounter may have a significant public health implication in facilitating appropriate referral and treatment of patients with hypertension to decrease long-term cardiovascular complications in SA.