Articles: anesthesia.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2012
Review Meta AnalysisHigh initial concentration versus low initial concentration sevoflurane for inhalational induction of anaesthesia.
Sevoflurane induction for general anaesthesia has been reported to be safe, reliable and well accepted by patients. Sevoflurane induction uses either low or high initial concentrations. The low initial concentration technique involves initially administering a low concentration then gradually increasing the dose until the patient is anaesthetized. The high initial concentration technique involves administering high concentrations from the beginning, continuing until the patient is anaesthetized. ⋯ A high initial concentration sevoflurane technique probably offers more rapid induction of anaesthesia and a similar rate of complications except for apnoea, which may be more common with a high initial concentration. However, this conclusion is not definitive.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2012
Review Meta AnalysisRegional versus general anaesthesia for caesarean section.
Regional anaesthesia (RA) and general anaesthesia (GA) are commonly used for caesarean section (CS) and both have advantages and disadvantages. It is important to clarify what type of anaesthesia is more efficacious. ⋯ There is no evidence from this review to show that RA is superior to GA in terms of major maternal or neonatal outcomes. Further research to evaluate neonatal morbidity and maternal outcomes, such as satisfaction with technique, will be useful.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2011
Review Meta AnalysisEfficacy and safety of clonidine as additive for caudal regional anesthesia: a quantitative systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Clonidine is still the most popular additive for caudal regional anesthesia. Aim of the present quantitative systematic review was to assess the efficacy and safety of the combined use of clonidine and local anesthetics in comparison with caudal local anesthetics alone. ⋯ There is considerable evidence that caudally administered clonidine in addition to local anesthetics provides extended duration of analgesia with a decreased incidence for analgesic rescue requirement and little adverse effects compared to caudal local anesthetics alone.
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Lidocaine with epinephrine is the most optimal solution for epidural top-up for emergency caesarean section. Adding fentanyl further speeds onset.
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Nov 2011
Review Meta AnalysisEffect of regional anesthesia on the success rate of external cephalic version: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To estimate whether the use of regional anesthesia is associated with increased success of external cephalic version. ⋯ Regional anesthesia is associated with a higher success rate of external cephalic version.