Articles: anesthesia.
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J Gynecol Obst Bio R · Jan 1983
Case Reports Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Peridural analgesia during labor: comparative study of a fentanyl-marcaine combination and marcaine alone].
A randomised trial was carried out to evaluate the use of a mixture of fentanyl with marcaine in epidural analgesia. Two series of 30 patients each were studied: in the first only marcaine was given for the epidural and in the second marcaine and fentanyl mixed. Stronger and longer analgesia was obtained in the series where fentanyl was added showing that local anaesthetics can be potentiated by opiates. There was no significant difference in the two series as far as the cardiovascular, respiratory and blood gas measurements were concerned, either in the mother or in the fetus.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Postoperative analgesia after circumcision in children.
The analgesic effects of systemically administered diamorphine, caudal analgesia with 0.5% bupivacaine plain and caudal analgesia with 0.5% bupivacaine plain to which morphine sulphate had been added were studied in boys undergoing circumcision. Postoperative analgesia was assessed using a linear analogue scale. The time interval between operation and subsequent analgesic administration and the number of analgesic doses in 24 h were compared. ⋯ The only detectable difference between the groups was a more rapid, but transient, recovery in the group receiving plain bupivacaine only. The frequency of vomiting was high in all groups. Caudal analgesia, with or without the addition of morphine, did not confer any advantage over injected diamorphine, and did not justify the extra time, risk and expense required to carry it out.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Morbidity in minor gynaecological surgery: a comparison of halothane, enflurane and isoflurane.
A comparison was made between halothane, enflurane and isoflurane with regard to their suitability for minor gynaecological procedures in patients who would be leaving the hospital within 24 h of the anaesthetic. Seventy-five healthy patients were randomly allotted to one of three groups which received one of these anaesthetics. In respect of patient acceptance and postoperative morbidity there were no significant differences between halothane and enflurane, but after isoflurane there was a significantly greater frequency of minor sequelae (headache, nausea, dizziness and coughing) and its pungent odour made it unacceptable to some patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Alfathesin and etomidate for minor outpatient anaesthesia.
Etomidate was compared with alfathesin for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in a double-blind fashion in 48 fit patients undergoing minor gynaecological operations as outpatients. The patients were randomized to receive either etomidate 0.3 mg . kg-1 or alfathesin 75 microliters . kg-1 as intravenous induction agents. All patients received fentanyl 1 microgram . kg-1 and breathed 70 per cent nitrous oxide in oxygen. ⋯ Recovery was equally rapid in both groups. No adverse reactions were seen. Alfathesin would appear to be preferable to etomidate as an induction and maintenance agent in unpremedicated fit outpatients undergoing minor gynaecological operations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Preoperative starvation and blood glucose concentrations in children undergoing inpatient and outpatient anaesthesia.
Blood glucose concentrations were measured in 82 children undergoing inpatient anaesthesia and in 46 children undergoing anaesthesia as outpatients. The children were aged between 6 months and 9 yr. Outpatients were fasted from bedtime, while inpatients were randomly allocated to two groups. ⋯ A blood glucose concentration of less than 40 mg dl-1 was found in only one of the fasted children (1%). The mean blood glucose concentration was greater in group B than A, but only significantly so for children older than 4 yr. It is concluded that to minimize the risks of hypoglycaemia and inhalation of vomit on induction of anaesthesia children older than 6 months should be fasted overnight and operated on in the morning.