Articles: anesthesia.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA clinical double-blind study of dibucaine and tetracaine in spinal anesthesia.
The effects of 0.25% dibucaine and 0.5% tetracaine used for the production of spinal anesthesia were compared in 30 healthy surgical patients. Fifteen patients were assigned to each of the two agents using a randomized, observer and patient-blinded method. ⋯ There were no differences in success rate, in latency, or in duration of action between the two spinal anesthetic agents. Tetracaine was found to be associated with a significantly greater decrease in arterial pressure and more complete motor blockade.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Spinal anaesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine: effects of concentration and volume administered.
A double-blind study was carried out using hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine to compare the effects of varying the concentration of bupivacaine and the volume of solution administered intrathecally. Fifty-seven patients were studied. Ten patients received each volume of each concentration: 0.5% bupivacaine in 8% dextrose, 2 ml, 3 ml or 4 ml and 0.75% bupivacaine in 8% dextrose, 1.3 ml or 2 ml. ⋯ The use of 3 ml of this solution was abandoned after seven patients had received it because of the excessive spread. With both solutions, increasing the volume produced a longer duration of action. The use of a 0.75% solution of hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia did not appear to confer any advantage over the 0.5% solution.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Nov 1981
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSpinal anaesthesia or general anaesthesia for emergency hip surgery in elderly patients.
One hundred and thirty-two elderly patients undergoing emergency hip surgery were randomly allocated to receive subarachnoid block (SAB) or general anaesthesia (GA). Using the 125. I fibrinogen uptake test, deep vein thrombosis was found to occur in 17 of 37 patients in the SAB group and 30 of 39 patients in the GA group (P 0.05). ⋯ At 24 hours postoperatively the fall in PaO2 was similar in both groups and recovered only slowly during the first week. Twelve patients died, three in the SAB group and nine in the GA group. This difference in mortality was not statistically significant.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Use of di-isopropyl phenol as main agent for short procedures.
The use of di-isopropyl phenol (Diprivan) for induction of anaesthesia was assessed in doses ranging from 1 to 3 mg kg-1. With less than 1.75mg kg-1 not all patients were anaesthetized; 2.0 mg kg-1 appeared to be a satisfactory induction dose. Involuntary muscle movement, cough and hiccup at induction were rare with any dose studied. ⋯ Recovery was rapid, and characterized by lack of emetic sequelae. Di-isopropyl phenol 1.5 - 2.0 mg kg-1 given rapidly during reactive hyperaemia can produce anaesthesia in one arm-brain circulation time. A reaction involving flush, hypotension, cough, laryngospasm and bronchospasm occurred in one patient receiving 2.5 mg kg-1 given over 20 s.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 1981
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIsobaric tetracaine spinal anesthesia and the lithotomy position.
The extent and pattern of anesthesia produced by hyperbaric and by isobaric 0.5% tetracaine spinal anesthesia were compared in this blind-observer, randomized study of 103 spinal anesthetics performed in 98 patients having genitourinary surgery in the lithotomy position. Pinprick stimulation showed no significant differences in maximum segmental sensory levels, times to maximum level, or duration of anesthesia for isobaric as compared to hyperbaric tetracaine. No parameters were significantly altered by barbotage of isobaric tetracaine solutions. With injections given to patients in the sitting position and with patients subsequently maintained in a horizontal lithotomy position before being put in the lithotomy position, the addition of dextrose to tetracaine solutions injected at room temperature into the subarachnoid space does not significantly alter the cephalad spread of spinal anesthesia.