Articles: anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Improvement in pain by using lidocaine combined with esketamine in elderly patients receiving local anaesthesia for percutaneous kyphoplasty: a randomized controlled study.
Elderly patients often experience severe pain during percutaneous kyphoplasty under local anaesthesia. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of lidocaine combined with esketamine on pain improvement in elderly patients receiving local anaesthesia via percutaneous kyphoplasty. ⋯ The application of lidocaine combined with esketamine in local episcopal percutaneous vertebral kyphoplasty in elderly patients not only provides an effective analgesic effect but also improves surgical safety and patient comfort, which has important clinical value in promoting the optimization of surgical anaesthesia management in elderly patients.
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Observational Study
Association between preoperative shock index and hypotension after spinal anesthesia for non-elective cesarean section: a prospective cohort study.
Shock index (SI) is calculated as heart rate divided by systolic blood pressure. In the obstetric population, SI of ≥ 0.9 is associated with maternal adverse outcomes. Our primary aim was to investigate the association between SI and post-spinal hypotension in non-elective cesarean section. ⋯ In parturients undergoing non-elective cesarean section, baseline SI ≥ 0.9 was associated with post-spinal and post-delivery hypotension. While the SI alone showed limited predictive power for post-spinal and post-delivery hypotension, integrating it with other risk factors improved the model's predictive ability.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The effect of combined pudendal nerve and spermatic cord block or caudal epidural block on postoperative analgesia after posterior urethroplasty: a randomized trial.
Postoperative pain management remains a significant challenge for patients undergoing posterior urethroplasty (PU). In a previous study, we proposed a novel technique of combined pudendal nerve (PN) and spermatic cord (SC) block to manage pain after PU. The present trial was conducted to test the hypothesis that this technique is effective for pain control after PU and provides longer-lasting analgesia than caudal epidural block (CB). ⋯ PN combined with SC block is an effective technique for postoperative analgesia in PU. This technique can achieve a longer duration of analgesia and lower pain scores, especially 12 h after surgery, than a CB.
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IV access is a commonly performed procedure that is often taught based on tradition rather than evidence. The effect of arm retroflexion on vein width, either alone or in combination with a tourniquet or general anesthesia (GA), remains unclear. In this case, the sonographically measured vein width is a surrogate parameter for the success of the puncture. ⋯ This study provides evidence that retroflexion of the arm in supine patients, whether alone or in addition to a tourniquet or general anesthesia, does not have any additional effect on vein width as a surrogate parameter for successful IV success. It shows for the first time that general anesthesia effectively increases vein diameter.