Articles: anesthetics.
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Recent Adv Stud Cardiac Struct Metab · Jan 1975
Effects of inhalation anesthetics on cardiac function and metabolism in the intact dog.
In healthy, closed-chest dogs, dose-dependent depression of ventricular function was produced by the anesthetics halothane, methoxyflurane, and fluroxene, as evidence by decreases in left venticular stroke volume, stroke work, dP/dt, and an increased enddiastolic pressure. Myocardial blood flow and oxygen consumption decreased concomitantly and were correlated with aortic blood pressure decreases. ⋯ The hemodynamic effects of halothane and methoxyflurane are similar to those previously reported in man, but those of fluroxene are different. Consequently, clinical speculation from these results is not justified at this time.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 1975
Malignant hyperthermia associated with enflurane anesthesia: a case report.
Malignant hyperthermia syndrome associated with various anesthetic agents has been well documented, but none has been reported with enflurane (Ethrane). This particular case is the first involving exposure for the second time to enflurane anesthesia after a six-month interval in which malignant hyperthermia resulted. ⋯ However, with the abnormal production of heat in the soda lime canister with tachycardia, tachypnea, rapidly rising body temperature and hypertonicity of skeletal muscles during anesthesia one should suspect malignant hyperthermia. The treatment of malignant hyperthermia involves cooling procedures, correction of acidosis, use of steroids and procainamide, and acetaminophen to facilitate lowering the body temperature.
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The biotransformation of clinically important ester- and amide-type local anesthetic agents is reviewed with emphasis on their fate in man. Aspects considered include: 1 degree the contribution of biotransformation to overall pharmokinetic profiles and systemic safety; 2 degrees the effect of disease on biotransformation; 3 degrees biotransformation and fate in the neonate; 4 degrees pathways and products of biotransformation; 5 degrees pharmacokinetics of metabolites; 6 degrees pharmacological activity and toxicity of metabolites.