Articles: anesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of nitrous oxide on plasma homocysteine and folate in patients undergoing major surgery.
Nitrous oxide (N(2)O) inhibits methionine synthetase resulting in elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentration after surgery. In epidemiological studies, hyperhomocysteinaemia is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and dementia. ⋯ N(2)O increases plasma Hcy concentration; this effect is greater with a longer duration of anaesthesia. Hyperhomocysteinaemia is a risk factor for major postoperative complications. N(2)O-induced increases in plasma Hcy concentration may be a cause of postoperative cardiovascular morbidity.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Levobupivacaine for epidural anaesthesia and postoperative analgesia in hip surgery: a multi-center efficacy and safety equivalence study with bupivacaine and ropivacaine.
The aim of this randomized, single blind phase IIIb study was to evaluate the efficacy of 0.5% levobupivacaine versus 0.5% bupivacaine and 0.75% ropivacaine administered as epidural anesthesia and 0.125% levobupivacaine versus 0.125% bupivacaine and 0.2% ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia. The study was designed to test the equivalence of the overall profile of levobupivacaine against bupivacaine and ropivacaine. In addition, parameters of clinical safety were assessed. ⋯ The efficacy of epidural levobupivacaine for hip surgery and postoperative analgesia is equivalent and shows a comparable clinical profile to bupivacaine and 50-60% higher concentrated ropivacaine. The results of this equivalence study confirm suggestions derived from previous comparative studies.
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Multicenter Study
Stable plasma concentrations of unbound ropivacaine during postoperative epidural infusion for 24-72 hours in children.
The aim of this open, non-controlled, multi-centre study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and safety of a 24-72 h continuous epidural ropivacaine infusion in children aged 1-9 yr. ⋯ Following a 24-72 h epidural infusion of ropivacaine 0.4 mg kg(-1) h(-1) in 1-9-yr-old children, the plasma concentrations of unbound ropivacaine were stable over time with no age-dependency.
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The French Society of Anaesthesiology (SFAR) recommends the use of pre printed self-stick syringe labels. However, French anaesthesia-syringe labelling customs is yet unknown. ⋯ Colour labels are used in France by nearly half of the centers, but international colour code is less spread.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system provides rapid effective analgesia for venipuncture or cannulation pain in children: randomized, double-blind Comparison of Venipuncture and Venous Cannulation Pain After Fast-Onset Needle-Free Powder Lidocaine or Placebo Treatment trial.
The Comparison of Venipuncture and Venous Cannulation Pain After Fast-Onset Needle-Free Powder Lidocaine or Placebo Treatment trial was a randomized, single-dose, double-blind, phase 3 study investigating whether a needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system (a sterile, prefilled, disposable system that delivers lidocaine powder into the epidermis) produces effective local analgesia within 1 to 3 minutes for venipuncture and peripheral venous cannulation procedures in children. ⋯ The needle-free powder lidocaine delivery system was well tolerated and produced significant analgesia within 1 to 3 minutes.