Articles: staphylococcal-infections.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of an investigational vaccine for preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections after cardiothoracic surgery: a randomized trial.
Infections due to Staphylococcus aureus are serious complications of cardiothoracic surgery. A novel vaccine candidate (V710) containing the highly conserved S. aureus iron surface determinant B is immunogenic and generally well tolerated in volunteers. ⋯ Among patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery with median sternotomy, the use of a vaccine against S. aureus compared with placebo did not reduce the rate of serious postoperative S. aureus infections and was associated with increased mortality among patients who developed S. aureus infections. These findings do not support the use of the V710 vaccine for patients undergoing surgical interventions.
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Multicenter Study
Routine use of Staphylococcus aureus rapid diagnostic test in patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia.
In patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), administration of an appropriate empirical antimicrobial treatment is associated with improved outcomes, leading to the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics, including a drug active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In order to avoid the overuse of antibiotics, the present study aimed to evaluate the technical characteristics of a rapid diagnostic test (Cepheid Xpert assay) in patients with suspected VAP. ⋯ The rapid diagnostic test is reliable in excluding the presence of MSSA and MRSA in the samples of patients with suspected VAP. Its utility should be regarded depending on the prevalence of MRSA.
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Chinese Med J Peking · Jan 2013
Multicenter StudyEpidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection and empirical antibiotic therapy for MRSA infection: multicenter investigation.
The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) maybe changed by strict infection control measures, and the impact of empirical antibiotic therapy on the outcomes of MRSA infection was not clear. We aimed to investigate the present epidemiological status of MRSA infection and empirical antibiotic therapy for MRSA infection in university teaching hospitals in mainland China. ⋯ The MRSA infection rates are at relatively low levels in university teaching hospitals in China. The empirical use of sensitive antibiotics for MRSA infection was at relatively high rate, and there is a tendency of overusing in patients without MRSA infection. On the other hand, the rate of appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy for patients with MRSA infection is relatively low.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Past history of skin infection and risk of surgical site infection after elective surgery.
To identify baseline patient characteristics associated with increased susceptibility to surgical site infection (SSI) after elective surgery. ⋯ A history of skin infection identified a state of enhanced susceptibility to SSI at baseline that is independent of traditional SSI risk factors and adherence to current infection control practices.
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BMC Pharmacol Toxicol · Jan 2013
Multicenter StudyEmpiric guideline-recommended weight-based vancomycin dosing and nephrotoxicity rates in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a retrospective cohort study.
Previous studies have established a correlation between vancomycin troughs and nephrotoxicity. However, data are currently lacking regarding the effect of guideline-recommended weight-based dosing on nephrotoxicity in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (MRSAB). ⋯ Over one out of five patients in this study developed nephrotoxicity while receiving vancomycin for MRSAB. The receipt of guideline-recommended, weight-based vancomycin was not an independent risk factor for the development of nephrotoxicity.