Articles: staphylococcal-infections.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Mupirocin prophylaxis against nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus infections in nonsurgical patients: a randomized study.
Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a major risk factor for nosocomial S. aureus infection. Studies show that intranasal mupirocin can prevent nosocomial surgical site infections. No data are available on the efficacy of mupirocin in nonsurgical patients. ⋯ Routine culture for S. aureus nasal carriage at admission and subsequent mupirocin application does not provide effective prophylaxis against nosocomial S. aureus infections in nonsurgical patients.
-
Journal of neurosurgery · Nov 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEvaluation of an antibiotic-impregnated shunt system for the treatment of hydrocephalus.
Staphylococcus species are the most common organisms responsible for infection following implantable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversionary procedures. The role of an antibiotic-impregnated shunt (AIS) system in the prevention of shunt infection has remained unclear because no human clinical trial has been reported on thus far. In this study, the authors assess an AIS system with respect to its prevention of shunt infection. ⋯ The AIS afforded antistaphylococcal protection, especially during the early postoperative period when most shunt infections are known to occur and throughout the follow-up period (median 9 months). The AIS system represents another important tool to enable the neurosurgeon to prevent shunt infections.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Antibiotic-coated hemodialysis catheters for the prevention of vascular catheter-related infections: a prospective, randomized study.
To determine the efficacy of minocycline-rifampin-coated hemodialysis catheters in reducing catheter-related infections in patients requiring hemodialysis for acute renal failure. ⋯ The use of polyurethane hemodialysis catheters impregnated with minocycline and rifampin decreases the risk of catheter-related infection in patients with acute renal failure.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Surgical site infections in orthopedic surgery: the effect of mupirocin nasal ointment in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
The objective of this study was to determine whether use of mupirocin nasal ointment for perioperative eradication of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is effective in preventing the development of surgical site infections (SSIs). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design was used. Either mupirocin or placebo nasal ointment was applied twice daily to 614 assessable patients from the day of admission to the hospital until the day of surgery. ⋯ Eradication of nasal carriage was significantly more effective in the mupirocin group (eradication rate, 83.5% versus 27.8%). In the mupirocin group, the rate of endogenous S. aureus infections was 5 times lower than in the placebo group (0.3% and 1.7%, respectively; relative risk, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.02-1.62). Mupirocin nasal ointment did not reduce the SSI rate (by S. aureus) or the duration of hospital stay.
-
Critical care medicine · Aug 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialC1-inhibitor in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: beneficial effect on renal dysfunction.
To investigate the efficacy and the safety of the parenteral administration of C1-inhibitor to patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. ⋯ C1-inhibitor administration attenuated renal impairment in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.