Articles: staphylococcal-infections.
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Multicenter Study
Geographic distribution of Staphylococcus aureus causing invasive infections in Europe: a molecular-epidemiological analysis.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important human pathogens and methicillin-resistant variants (MRSAs) are a major cause of hospital and community-acquired infection. We aimed to map the geographic distribution of the dominant clones that cause invasive infections in Europe. ⋯ In contrast to MSSA, MRSA spa types have a predominantly regional distribution in Europe. This finding is indicative of the selection and spread of a limited number of clones within health care networks, suggesting that control efforts aimed at interrupting the spread within and between health care institutions may not only be feasible but ultimately successful and should therefore be strongly encouraged.
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J. Antimicrob. Chemother. · Nov 2009
Multicenter StudyOccurrence of vancomycin-tolerant and heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate strains (hVISA) among Staphylococcus aureus causing bloodstream infections in nine USA hospitals.
The bactericidal activities of vancomycin and daptomycin were evaluated in a large collection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia strains from nine major USA medical centres. ⋯ The most frequently used criteria to define hVISA, i.e. MET reading values > or =8 mg/L for both vancomycin and teicoplanin or > or =12 mg/L for teicoplanin only, detected 20 of 36 PAP-positive strains (55.6% sensitivity), indicating that the prevalence of hVISA could be higher than currently appreciated. Daptomycin was bactericidal against hVISA strains.
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Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents · Nov 2009
Multicenter StudyMolecular analysis and susceptibility patterns of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains circulating in the community in the Ligurian area, a northern region of Italy: emergence of USA300 and EMRSA-15 clones.
For many years meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been considered a typical nosocomial pathogen. Recently, MRSA has emerged as a frequent cause of infections in the community. A multicentre surveillance study was carried out in the Ligurian area of Italy to evaluate the incidence, molecular nature and susceptibility patterns of MRSA strains circulating among outpatients. ⋯ Both community-associated MRSA and healthcare-associated MRSA epidemic international clones circulate among outpatients in our region. It is alarming that members of the most represented clonal group in our collection (USA300) can acquire multiresistance as well as PVL genes. Infection control measures in our area should be improved to avoid the selection of microorganisms displaying both traits simultaneously as well as the spread of these epidemic international clones.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Coagulase-negative staphylococcal prosthetic valve endocarditis--a contemporary update based on the International Collaboration on Endocarditis: prospective cohort study.
To describe the contemporary features of coagulase-negative staphylococcal (CoNS) prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). ⋯ Nearly one-half of CoNS PVE cases occur between 60 days and 365 days of prosthetic valve implantation. CoNS PVE is associated with a high rate of meticillin resistance and significant valvular complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Initial low-dose gentamicin for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis is nephrotoxic.
The safety of adding initial low-dose gentamicin to antistaphylococcal penicillins or vancomycin for treatment of suspected Staphylococcus aureus native valve endocarditis is unknown. This study evaluated the association between this practice and nephrotoxicity. ⋯ Initial low-dose gentamicin as part of therapy for S. aureus bacteremia and native valve infective endocarditis is nephrotoxic and should not be used routinely, given the minimal existing data supporting its benefit.