Articles: nausea.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effect of ondansetron on atracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade.
To determine whether treatment with ondansetron, a new antiemetic drug, affects nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade. ⋯ Ondansetron is an antiemetic drug that can be used in the perioperative period without concern for potentiation of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade, change in atracurium maintenance dose, or change in rate of neostigmine-induced recovery from neuromuscular blockade with atracurium.
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Acta ophthalmologica · Aug 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of retrobulbar bupivacaine on post-operative pain and nausea in retinal detachment surgery.
A prospective double-masked clinical trial was conducted to determine whether retrobulbar bupivacaine block had an effect on post-operative pain, nausea and intra- and post-operative use of analgesics in retinal detachment surgery performed under general anaesthesia. Thirty-two patients were randomized to have general anaesthesia with or without retrobulbar bupivacaine. Pain score was documented as 0-10 (0 = no pain. 10 = worst pain ever felt). ⋯ Men complained more about post-operative pain than did women. The patients in the retrobulbar group complained less about nausea. Significantly fewer patients in the retrobulbar group required parenteral pain relief during operation and the first 48 h after.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of intermittent ondansetron versus continuous infusion metoclopramide used with standard combination antiemetics in control of acute nausea induced by cisplatin chemotherapy.
Ondansetron is a serotonin antagonist that recently has been introduced as a preventive agent for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The current study was performed to determine the degree of antiemetic control of ondansetron in combination with dexamethasone and lorazepam, and to compare this combination to the previously very effective regimen of lorazepam, dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, and continuous-infusion metoclopramide. ⋯ The ondansetron regimen was more effective and less toxic, but its cost was 20 times more than the metoclopramide regimen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ondansetron plus dexamethasone compared to the 'standard' metoclopramide combination.
This paper describes a multicentre, double-blind, parallel group study which compared ondansetron (0.15 mg/kg i.v. x 3) plus dexamethasone (20 mg i.v.) with metoclopramide (3 mg/kg i.v. x 2) plus dexamethasone (20 mg i.v.) and diphenhydramine (50 mg i.v.) for the prevention of cisplatin-induced emesis and nausea. Two hundred and eighty-nine consecutive patients receiving chemotherapy containing cisplatin at doses > or = 50 mg/m2 entered the study and 267 patients were evaluable for efficacy. The ondansetron regimen was significantly superior compared with the metoclopramide regimen in the control of acute emesis and nausea. ⋯ Patients receiving the metoclopramide regimen had significantly more sedation than patients receiving ondansetron plus dexamethasone (12 vs. 2%; p < 0.005). Extrapyramidal reactions were only observed in metoclopramide-treated patients (3%). The results of this study suggest that ondansetron plus dexamethasone is a more effective and better tolerated anti-emetic regimen compared with metoclopramide plus dexamethasone and diphenhydramine for the prevention of acute cisplatin-induced emesis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Acupressure in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting].
Despite modern anaesthetic procedures, postoperative nausea and vomiting are still the side-effects most often mentioned: acupressure is reported to be an additional method of preventing these effects in minor gynaecological surgery. We investigated the effectiveness of acupressure in patients undergoing gynaecological operations of longer duration (6-8 h) in a verum acupressure group compared to a placebo group. Before beginning the study we investigated a control group to find out the frequency of emesis. ⋯ As demonstrated in this group of longer gynaecological surgery patients as well as in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, we were able to demonstrate that acupressure is an effective method of preventing nausea and vomiting without any side-effects. It is a valuable addition to the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Further studies should be conducted to investigate this possibility further.