Articles: nausea.
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Ingestion of monosodium glutamate (MSG) causes headache, nausea, and craniofacial tenderness in healthy individuals. The present study explored whether MSG produces behavioural signs of headache, nausea, and changes in craniofacial sensitivity in rats. The behavior of male and female Sprague-Dawley rats was video recorded before and after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of MSG (1-1000 mg/kg), nitroglycerin (GTN, 10 mg/kg), or normal saline. ⋯ Co-administration of sumatriptan or naproxen with MSG (1000 mg/kg) significantly attenuated MSG-induced nocifensive and headache-like behaviors. Our data suggest that systemic administration of MSG to rats induces behavioral correlates of headache and nausea. This model may offer another avenue for research on the mechanism and treatment of primary headache disorders such as migraine.
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Spin - the beautification of study results to emphasise benefits or minimise harms - is a deceptive reporting strategy with the potential to affect clinical decision-making adversely. Few studies have investigated the extent of spin in systematic reviews. Here, we sought to address this gap by evaluating the presence of the nine most severe forms of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews on treatments for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). PONV has the potential to increase hospital costs and patient burden, adversely affecting outcomes. ⋯ Spin was present in greater than 29% of abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses regarding PONV. Various stakeholders must take steps to improve the reporting quality of abstracts on PONV.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jul 2022
Racial Disparities in the Use of Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Postoperative Analgesia After Total Mastectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) are used to provide postoperative analgesia after total mastectomy. PNBs improve patient satisfaction and decrease postoperative opioid use, nausea, and vomiting. Few studies have examined whether there is racial-ethnic disparity in the use of PNBs for patients having total mastectomy. We hypothesized that non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic patients of other races, and Hispanic patients would be less likely to receive a PNB for postoperative analgesia compared to non-Hispanic White patients having total mastectomy. Secondarily, we hypothesized that PNBs would be associated with reduced odds of major complications after total mastectomy. ⋯ Significant disparity exists in the use of PNBs for postoperative analgesia in patients of different race-ethnicity who undergo total mastectomy in the United States. Continued efforts are needed to better understand the causes of disparity and to ensure equitable access to PNBs.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2022
Meta AnalysisThe Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postanesthesia Care Unit Discharge and Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Current evidence on the effect of dexmedetomidine in early postoperative recovery is limited. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the length of stay (LOS) and recovery profile in postanesthesia care unit (PACU) patients. ⋯ The use of dexmedetomidine did not increase the duration of PACU LOS but was associated with reduced emergence agitation, cough, pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and shivering in PACU. There was an increased incidence of hypotension but not residual sedation or bradycardia in PACU.