Articles: nausea.
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Multicenter Study
Delayed nausea and vomiting continue to reduce patients' quality of life after highly and moderately emetogenic chemotherapy despite antiemetic treatment.
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are major adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy. We compared the impact of acute (during the first 24 hours postchemotherapy) and delayed (days 2 through 5 postchemotherapy) CINV on patients' quality of life (QoL) after highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC and MEC, respectively). ⋯ CINV continues to adversely affect patients' QoL despite antiemetic therapy even after treatment with only moderately emetogenic chemotherapy regimens, and even in the subgroup of patients who do not experience nausea and vomiting during the first 24 hours. On the basis of the FLIE results in this study, nausea had a stronger negative impact on patients' daily lives than vomiting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A phase III, double-blind, randomized trial of palonosetron compared with ondansetron in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting following highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
This pivotal phase III trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of palonosetron in preventing acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) following highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). ⋯ Single-dose palonosetron was as effective as ondansetron in preventing acute CINV following HEC, and with dexamethasone pre-treatment, its effectiveness was significantly increased over ondansetron throughout the 5-day post-chemotherapy period.
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The objective of this multicenter, phase II, open-label study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the newest 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, palonosetron, plus dexamethasone and aprepitant in preventing nausea and vomiting in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Eligible patients received a single intravenous dose of palonosetron (0.25 mg on day 1 of chemotherapy), along with 3 daily oral doses of aprepitant (125 mg on day 1,80 mg on days 2 and 3) and dexamethasone (12 mg on day 1,8 mg on days 2 and 3). Efficacy and safety data were obtained from patient diaries and adverse event reporting. ⋯ More than 90% of patients during all time intervals had no emetic episodes, and between 57% and 71% of patients reported no nausea during each of the 5 days post chemotherapy. Treatment was well tolerated, with no unexpected adverse events. These data demonstrate that palonosetron in combination with dexamethasone and aprepitant is safe and highly effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in the days following administration of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
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Clinical therapeutics · Mar 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPost hoc comparison of daily rates of nausea and vomiting with once- and twice-daily galantamine from a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, 6-month study.
A once-daily extended-release galantamine(GAL-ER) formulation has been designed to improve tolerability compared with twice-daily immediate-release galantamine (GAL-IR). ⋯ In these subjects with AD, the daily percentage of subjects reporting nausea and vomiting, and the percentage of days with vomiting among subjects reporting vomiting, did not significantly differ between the GAL-ER and GAL-IR groups. However, GAL-ER was associated with a significantly lower percentage of days with nausea than GAL-IR among subjects reporting nausea. AUC of the daily percentage of subjects with nausea or vomiting during dose titration did not differ significantly between the GAL-ER and placebo groups but was significantly higher in the GAL-IR group than placebo. Subjects with nausea or vomiting who received GAL-ER reported significantly less antiemetic use than those treated with GAL-IR. These results suggest the need for additional studies to explore the potential differences in the tolerability of these formulations.
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Support Care Cancer · Feb 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyAcupuncture against chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric oncology. Interim results of a multicenter crossover study.
In this multicenter crossover study, our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and acceptance of acupuncture as a supportive antiemetic approach during highly emetogenic chemotherapy in pediatric oncology. ⋯ Our data indicate that acupuncture might reduce antiemetic medication and episodes of vomiting in pediatric oncology.