Articles: nausea.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Gastrointestinal side effects of intravenous erythromycin: incidence and reduction with prolonged infusion time and glycopyrrolate pretreatment.
To determine the frequency of gastrointestinal toxicity due to intravenous (IV) erythromycin and to attempt to decrease this toxicity by prolonging the infusion time of erythromycin and/or pretreating with the peripheral anticholinergic, glycopyrrolate 0.1 mg IV. ⋯ Gastrointestinal toxicity associated with the IV infusion of erythromycin is common and is more likely to occur in younger patients. A 1-hour infusion of erythromycin combined with pretreatment with glycopyrrolate, 0.1 mg IV, is effective in reducing this toxicity.
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Our understanding and management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting has progressed substantially in the past decade. We now have many effective single agents, which are even more beneficial when used in appropriate combinations. A new class of antiemetic agents, the serotonin antagonists, of which ondansetron is the first to be commercially available, promises significantly better control of the various emetic syndromes caused by cancer chemotherapy, with fewer side effects. This article summarizes the state of the art of antiemetic therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Hypnosis or cognitive behavioral training for the reduction of pain and nausea during cancer treatment: a controlled clinical trial.
Few controlled clinical trials have tested the efficacy of psychological techniques for reducing cancer pain or post-chemotherapy nausea and emesis. In this study, 67 bone marrow transplant patients with hematological malignancies were randomly assigned to one of four groups prior to beginning transplantation conditioning: (1) hypnosis training (HYP); (2) cognitive behavioral coping skills training (CB); (3) therapist contact control (TC); or (4) treatment as usual (TAU; no treatment control). Patients completed measures of physical functioning (Sickness Impact Profile; SIP) and psychological functioning (Brief Symptom Inventory; BSI), which were used as covariates in the analyses. ⋯ Risk, SIP, and BSI pre-transplant were found to be effective predictors of inpatient physical symptoms. Nausea, emesis and opioid use did not differ significantly between the treatment groups. The cognitive behavioral intervention, as applied in this study, was not effective in reducing the symptoms measured.