Articles: nausea.
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Dolasetron (dolasetron mesilate) is a pseudopelletierine-derived 5-HT3 antagonist which has recently become available for clinical use. It is rapidly converted in vivo to its active major metabolite, hydrodolasetron, which appears to be largely responsible for its pharmacological activity. In clinical trials, single intravenous or oral doses of dolasetron were effective in preventing acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). ⋯ Dolasetron and other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists have been associated with minor changes in ECG intervals, but these generally do not appear to be clinically important. Thus, available evidence suggests that dolasetron will provide an alternative to other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists for the management of CINV and PONV. Further studies are required to determine whether it offers any advantages over other agents in these settings and to determine the optimum dosage for preventing RINV.
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Oncology nursing forum · Aug 1997
Review5-HT3-receptor antagonists: a review of pharmacology and clinical efficacy.
To review the role of serotonin in chemotherapy-induced emesis and the mechanism by which 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3)-receptor antagonists block the action of serotonin; to review the pharmacology and clinical efficacy of the 5-HT3-receptor antagonists in controlling nausea and vomiting induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy regimens, including a comparison of agents in this class. ⋯ 5-HT3-receptor antagonists have had a profound impact on the clinical management of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Based on their unique mechanism of action and low toxicity profile, the 5-HT3-receptor antagonists offer a relatively new approach to controlling nausea and vomiting associated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy.
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Oncology nursing forum · Aug 1997
ReviewRisk factors and antiemetic management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
To review the emetic potential of chemotherapeutic agents and the specific factors that may help to identify patients who are most vulnerable to nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy. To review the classes of antiemetic drugs that effectively control nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapeutic regimens. ⋯ Nursing care involves educating patients about self-care initiatives for effective management of chemotherapeutic side effects, including compliance with prescribed antiemetic regimens to prevent nausea and vomiting.