Articles: nausea.
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Review Comparative Study
Emesis as a complication of cancer chemotherapy: pathophysiology, importance, and treatment.
Up to 30% of patients receiving chemotherapy experience uncontrolled nausea and vomiting despite pharmacotherapeutic advances. Currently marketed agents used to treat these symptoms are compared. ⋯ Recent focus has been on a new class of antiemetics, the serotonin antagonists. Ondansetron, currently the only serotonin antagonist with Food and Drug Administration approval for treatment of chemotherapy-induced emesis, demonstrates the efficacy and potential advantages of this class of antiemetics.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1992
Review Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting by ondansetron].
This study was carried out to assess the efficacy of oral ondansetron, a new 5HT3 receptor antagonist, in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. It included 60 patients, randomly assigned to two groups, and receiving orally, 1 h before induction of anaesthesia, either 8 mg of ondansetron (n = 29) or a placebo (n = 30). One patient was excluded. ⋯ The differences between the groups were statistically significant: p = 0.025 for nausea and p = 0.042 for vomiting. It is concluded that oral ondansetron, 8 mg taken orally 1 h before surgery, significantly reduces the incidence of nausea and vomiting during the first twelve postoperative hours. As it is easy to use and has no side-effects, it might be of interest in day-case surgery patients, despite its high cost.
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Cahiers d'anesthésiologie · Jan 1991
Review[Secondary effects of opioids administered by the regional route].
The administration of narcotics in the subarachnoid or the epidural space is gaining acceptance for postoperative pain relief. However, the potential side effects of intrathecal and epidural use of opioids are the following: early and late respiratory depression, pruritus, nausea and vomiting, urinary retention. ⋯ Naloxone can be used to reverse the depression. Pruritus can occur in 10 to 30% of patients receiving morphine; 10 to 30% nausea and vomiting, and urinary retention occurs in 20 to 50% of patients.
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Although nausea, vomiting, and retching have plagued mankind since antiquity, limited attention has been given to the three symptoms as separate entities. Although knowledge of symptom occurrence is essential to practice, nurses must focus on patients' response or distress to the occurrence of symptoms. The differentiation of symptom occurrence and symptom distress of nausea, vomiting, and retching is critical to the management and self-care demands of patients and the enhancement of their quality of life. Basic research on patterns of these individual symptoms and their components promises to provide a more progressive and fruitful approach to the patient response to these symptoms.