Articles: brain-injuries.
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Multicenter Study
Race as a moderator of parent and family outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury.
To use data from a prospective, longitudinal study to determine whether race moderates parent and family outcomes during the first year following pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBI). ⋯ The sociocultural factors associated with race may moderate the effects of pediatric TBI and OI on parents and families.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialFluid thresholds and outcome from severe brain injury.
To determine, by retrospective analysis, critical thresholds for intracranial pressure, mean arterial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, and fluid balance associated with poor outcome in patients with severe brain injury. ⋯ Exceeding thresholds of intracranial pressure, mean arterial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, and fluid volume may be detrimental to severe brain injury outcome. Fluid balance lower than -594 mL was associated with an adverse effect on outcome, independent of its relationship to intracranial pressure, mean arterial pressure, or cerebral perfusion pressure.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Mar 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialHypothermia on admission in patients with severe brain injury.
Data from the "National Acute Brain Injury Study: Hypothermia" were examined to identify the impact of hypothermia on admission. In all patients, temperature was measured at randomization using bladder catheters with thermistors. Patients assigned to hypothermia were cooled using fluid-circulating pads. ⋯ Patients who were hypothermic on admission, age < or = 45 years (n = 81), and assigned to hypothermia had a significantly lower percentage of poor outcomes than those assigned to normothermia (hypothermia, 52%; normothermia, 76%; p = 0.02). Factors associated with hypothermia on admission were increased age, prehospital hypotension, smaller size, positive blood alcohol, larger volume of pre-hospital fluids, slightly higher injury severity, and winter enrollment The treatment effect was found in all of the four centers, which randomized the majority (80%) of the patients. It is unclear whether the improved outcome when hypothermia is maintained is a beneficial effect of very early hypothermia induction or an adverse effect of permitting the patients to rewarm passively.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jan 2002
Multicenter StudyCourse of functional improvement after stroke, spinal cord injury, and traumatic brain injury.
To examine functional improvement patterns of persons with stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury (SCI). ⋯ When examined separately for persons grouped by LOS, functional status improved linearly during the rehabilitation stay, with differences in rate of improvement depending on initial functional status.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Aug 2001
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyLong-term recovery course after traumatic brain injury: a comparison of the functional independence measure and disability rating scale.
To study group changes over time after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ DRS is more sensitive to changes during a shorter time period than FIM and seems to be more appropriate for detecting long-term deficits. However, research studies aimed at detecting meaningful changes year to year after TBI may need to use other tools or consider changes among individuals instead of group changes. DRS Level of Function and Employability Items represent complex functions expected to recover later than the more basic DRS items. Sole use of these two DRS items might provide an efficient means of measuring long-term recovery when resources are limited, whereas expansion of these two items might allow greater sensitivity and detail.