Articles: brain-injuries.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
The Canadian CT Head Rule for patients with minor head injury.
There is much controversy about the use of computed tomography (CT) for patients with minor head injury. We aimed to develop a highly sensitive clinical decision rule for use of CT in patients with minor head injuries. ⋯ We have developed the Canadian CT Head Rule, a highly sensitive decision rule for use of CT. This rule has the potential to significantly standardise and improve the emergency management of patients with minor head injury.
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Journal of neurotrauma · May 2001
Neuron-specific enolase serum levels after controlled cortical impact injury in the rat.
The aim of this study was to investigate the time course and the correlation of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum levels to the severity of traumatic brain injury in rats. Sixty-five male Wistar rats were subjected to severe cortical impact injury (100 PSI, 2 mm deformation). Blood samples were drawn directly after trauma and after 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h in the trauma group. ⋯ The highest NSE serum values were detected 6 h after trauma (31.5 microg/L mean, n = 10). In addition, we found a close relationship between NSE serum levels and the severity of traumatic brain injury in the cortical impact model. NSE serum levels reflect in a time-dependent manner the severity of brain trauma induced by cortical impact model in rat.
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Critical care medicine · May 2001
Therapy of malignant intracranial hypertension by controlled lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage.
To evaluate the effect of controlled lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage in adult patients with refractory intracranial hypertension. ⋯ Controlled lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage significantly reduces refractory intracranial hypertension. The danger of transtentorial or tonsillar herniation is minimized by considering lumbar drainage in the presence of discernible basilar cisterns only.
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Acta neuropathologica · May 2001
Immunomorphological sequelae of severe brain injury induced by fluid-percussion in juvenile pigs--effects of mild hypothermia.
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to a bad outcome with considerable neurological deficits. Secondary brain injuries due to a rise of intracranial pressure (ICP) and global hypoxia-ischemia are critical and may be reduced in extent by mild hypothermia. A porcine animal model was used to study the effect of severe TBI, induced by fluid percussion (FP; 3.5+/-0.3 atm) in combination with a secondary insult, i.e., temporary blood loss with hypovolemic hypotension. ⋯ Thus, severe TBI caused by FP, combined with temporary blood loss, consistently produced traumatic axonal injury and focal brain damage. Mild hypothermia was able to prevent a secondary increase in ICP and its sequelae of diffuse hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. However, hypothermia did not afford protection from traumatic axonal injury.
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Acta Pharmacol. Sin. · May 2001
Protective effect of nimodipine against cerebral injury induced by subacute carbon monoxide intoxication in mice.
To study the effects of nimodipine on delayed cerebral injury in mice from subacute carbon monoxide (CO) exposure. ⋯ Pretreatment with nimodipine markedly prevented mice from delayed encephalopathy after CO poisoning.