Articles: brain-injuries.
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Southern medical journal · May 2001
Case ReportsProtective helmets for children with special health care needs.
An illustrative case of a second traumatic brain injury in the same child raises the issue of the criteria by which protective helmets for disabled children should be prescribed. There is a dearth of data substantiating criteria for helmet prescription for special needs children and assessing potential adverse side effects of routinely wearing a helmet. Further studies seem warranted to determine whether protective helmets truly reduce the frequency and severity of secondary trauma and whether there are adverse effects that outweigh benefits.
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Experimental neurology · May 2001
Group I metabotropic glutamate antagonist reduces acute neuronal degeneration and behavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury in rats.
Recent studies indicate that acute activation of Group I mGluRs following traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to the ensuing pathophysiology. The present study examined the effects of post-TBI administration of the selective mGluR1 antagonist (RS)-1-aminoindan-1,5-dicarboxylic acid (AIDA) on acute neuronal degeneration in the hippocampus and long-term sensorimotor and learning/memory outcome. In Experiment 1, 26 rats received 0.4, 2.0, or 10.0 nmol AIDA or artificial CSF vehicle infusion into the hippocampus starting 5 min postinjury. ⋯ Acquisition of a Morris water maze (MWM) task was assessed on days 11-15 after TBI. The AIDA-treated group had significantly reduced deficits in beam walk, MWM, and RAM performance compared to the vehicle-treated group. These data indicate that injury-induced acute activation of mGluR1 receptors contributes to both the cellular pathology and the behavioral morbidity associated with TBI.
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Acta Pharmacol. Sin. · May 2001
Protective effect of nimodipine against cerebral injury induced by subacute carbon monoxide intoxication in mice.
To study the effects of nimodipine on delayed cerebral injury in mice from subacute carbon monoxide (CO) exposure. ⋯ Pretreatment with nimodipine markedly prevented mice from delayed encephalopathy after CO poisoning.
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has been established as a category in reporting systems. Uniform data systems case definition has been suggested for hospital discharge data surveillance systems cases based on ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes. These include fractures and specific mention of intracranial injuries such as contusion, laceration, hemorrhage, and concussion. Inspection of data from the Israel National Trauma Registry suggested that two diagnostic groups of very different severity and outcome were being unjustifiably combined. ⋯ The groups were significantly different in severity, hospital resource use, immediate outcome, demographic and injury circumstances.