Articles: brain-injuries.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Dec 1999
Neuropsychological significance of anosmia following traumatic brain injury.
To investigate the incidence of anosmia following traumatic brain injury (TBI) using a standardized instrument and to test hypotheses that post-TBI anosmics perform significantly more poorly than do post-TBI normosmics on measures of executive skills and functional outcome. ⋯ Anosmia is a common sequela of TBI, although only a minority of patients are aware of this deficit. Further, anosmics demonstrated greater impairment in a variety of frontal-lobe mediated executive functions, as well as greater functional disability.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Dec 1999
Interaction of posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic pain following traumatic brain injury.
To investigate the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain in patients who had sustained a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Effective rehabilitation of persons with chronic pain following severe TBI should recognize the role of posttraumatic stress in the maintenance of dysfunctional reactions. Specific interventions that address adaptive coping mechanisms to reduce PTSD may enhance rehabilitation for persons with TBI who suffer chronic pain.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Dec 1999
Functional outcome of individuals with traumatic brain injury and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.
To determine the impact of acute lower extremity (LE) deep venous thrombosis (DVT) on functional outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Lower extremity DVT does not appear to interfere with functional outcome after TBI. The data suggest that this patient population is appropriate for admission or continued participation in acute inpatient rehabilitation, despite the presence of LE DVT.
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Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · Dec 1999
[The establishment of a modified lateral fluid percussion model of brain injury in rat and the pertinent pathologic changes].
For the purpose of studying the molecular mechanism of the traumatic brain injury, we have established a reproducible graded lateral fluid percussion model of experimental brain injury in the rat with a modified fluid percussion device. The device consists of a stainless steel cylindrical reservoir instead of the plexiglass reservoir, a steel reservoir filled with compressed gas instead of the pendulum for making more accurate percussion pressure, an apparatus for releasing the pressure immediately after the percussion, and a computer for recording and storing the percussion data. ⋯ The severity of pathologic changes increased with the magnitude of percussion. The results indicate that the new device could inflict reproducible graded lateral fluid percussion brain injury on rats and the model can be used for the studies of neuropathologic and molecular mechanism of brain injury.
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Minor head trauma affecting children is a common reason for medical consultation and evaluation. In order to provide evidence on which to base a clinical practice guideline for the American Academy of Pediatrics, we undertook a systematic review of the literature on minor head trauma in children. ⋯ The literature on mild head trauma does not provide a sufficient scientific basis for evidence-based recommendations about most of the key issues in clinical management. More consistent definitions and multisite assessments are needed to clarify this field.