Articles: brain-injuries.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Apolipoprotein E-epsilon4 genotype predicts a poor outcome in survivors of traumatic brain injury.
To determine the ability of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes to predict days of unconsciousness and a suboptimal functional outcome in traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors. ⋯ The results demonstrate a strong association between the APOE-epsilon4 allele and a poor clinical outcome, implying genetic susceptibility to the effect of brain injury. Additional studies of TBI patients are warranted to confirm their findings.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jan 1999
Comparative StudySomatosensory and motor evoked potentials at different stages of recovery from severe traumatic brain injury.
To detect changes of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) at different stages of recovery from severe brain injury and to determine whether they can be used to predict late functional outcome. ⋯ SEPs from LLs can be very useful in monitoring the postacute phase of traumatic brain injury and in identifying patients who require further intensive rehabilitation. MEPs may be of questionable value.
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Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jan 1999
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialLong-term continuously infused intrathecal baclofen for spastic-dystonic hypertonia in traumatic brain injury: 1-year experience.
To determine if the long-term use of continuously infused intrathecal baclofen (ITB) over a 1-year period will control spastic-dystonic hypertonia in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Continuous intrathecal infusion of baclofen is capable of maintaining a reduction in spasticity and dystonia in both the upper and lower extremities of TBI patients.
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Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 1999
Glucose and lactate metabolism after severe human head injury: influence of excitatory neurotransmitters and injury type.
The survival of traumatized brain tissue depends on energy substrate delivery and consumption. Excitatory amino acids produce a disturbance of ion homeostasis and thus, increase energy demand. In head-injured patients, massive release of glutamate has been reported, especially in patients with focal contusions. ⋯ The interrelationship was more pronounced in diffusely injured brain (normal CT appearance) compared to the contused tissue. The results demonstrate that glutamate clearly influences the release of lactate following injury, supporting the hypothesis that glutamate "drives" glycolysis in astrocytes. The strong positive correlation between glutamate and glucose might indicate an effect of glutamate upon glucose uptake by cells which differs according to the type of injury.