Articles: brain-injuries.
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Penetrating cranio-cerebral trauma caused by fire-arm constitute the most frequent penetrating wounds in civilian ambit; in these cases the great extention of cerebral damage is the result of distructive forces generated by high velocity which moves this bodies. In civilian ambit cranio-cerebral wounds caused by penetrating bodies, but moved by low cinetic energy are increasing constantly, due to the development of industrial activities. ⋯ We think that for these traumatic event, we can adapt the same valutations criteria used for wounds caused by fire-arms. For what concerns surgery of such injuries, we consider the emergency operation the best solution; generally in these cases the purpose of surgery is not the removal of devitalized tissues, evacuation of hematomas or removal of bone fragments or of penetrating bodies as happen in cases of penetrating bodies moved by high cinetic energy, but for the possible complications which can result immediately or after the trauma.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Dec 1994
Widespread metabolic depression and reduced somatosensory circuit activation following traumatic brain injury in rats.
The effects of fluid percussion brain injury on the basal metabolic state and responsiveness of a somatosensory circuit to physiologic activation were investigated with [14C]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography. Under controlled physiologic conditions and normothermic brain temperature (37 degrees C), rats were injured with a moderate fluid percussion pulse ranging from 1.7 to 2.1 atm. At 4 or 24 h after traumatic brain injury (TBI), unilateral vibrissae stimulation was carried out, resulting in the metabolic activation of the whisker-barrel circuit. ⋯ Although the most severe and longer lasting metabolic consequences occurred in cortical and thalamic regions destined to exhibit histopathologic damage, milder abnormalities, most prominent in the early posttraumatic period, were also seen in noninjured areas. The inability to activate the somatosensory circuit metabolically indicates that circuit dysfunction is an acute consequence of TBI. Widespread circuit or synaptic dysfunction would be expected to participate in the functional and behavioral consequences of TBI.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Equine Pract. · Dec 1994
ReviewMedical and surgical emergencies of the nervous system of horses: diagnosis, treatment, and sequelae.
Trauma to the nervous system in horses may involve the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves. Trauma may occur to any part of the nervous system with or without a fracture.