Articles: brain-injuries.
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Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova · Jan 1988
[Diagnosis and forensic psychiatric expertise in traumatic cerebral arachnoiditis].
Patients (123) with traumatic cerebral arachnoiditis due to closed craniocerebral trauma, were investigated during complications or late sequelae of the trauma. All the patients were subjected to spinal puncture. Asthenic, psychosis-like and hallucinatory-paranoid disorders were detected as well as partial oligophrenia and dullness of consciousness. The degree of mental disorders run parallel with intracranial pressure elevation, suggesting the role of intracranial hypertension in pathogenesis of several psychic disorders.
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Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova · Jan 1988
[Correlation of clinical signs with the outcome of craniocerebral trauma].
Clinical manifestations were correlated with head trauma (HT) outcomes using computer software MEDSTAT-85. Neuro-ophthalmologic signs, motor and vital disorders had maximal prognostic values. Outcome was highly correlated with consciousness disorders phase scaling and patients' state scores (PSS) as well as with coma and consciousness disorders length suggesting that these parameters are of major prognostic importance. A close correlation was found between consciousness states, PSS and HT variants, brain lesion forms, vital and somatic disorders indicating their role as determinants of HT outcome.
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Recent evidence has shown that a variety of prostaglandins and leukotrienes can be produced in brain tissue after injury in animals. It has also been speculated that increases in brain prostaglandins occur in humans following injury. Ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples have been obtained from children with static lesions (controls) as well as children with acute brain injury and eicosanoids measured by immunologic techniques. ⋯ Elevated levels of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) were observed in those samples stored frozen, but these metabolites were most probably due to autooxidation of arachidonic acid in CSF. Arachidonic acid concentration in CSF was typically found to be in the range of 10-200 ng/ml, but was found to be 5-10 fold higher in one severely injured patient. Thus, elevated free arachidonic acid and various oxygenated metabolites were observed in CSF following brain injury.
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EEG EMG Z Elektroenzephalogr Elektromyogr Verwandte Geb · Dec 1987
[Early prognostic assessment using evoked potentials in severe craniocerebral trauma].
103 patients in acute posttraumatic coma were assessed during 72 hours following severe head injury by clinical examinations (documented with a modified Glasgow-Coma-Score and a brain-stem-score and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) as well as short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP). Patient outcomes were classified at 6 months or more, according to the following categories: good recovery, severely disabled or vegetative, and brain dead. Patients who had died by systemic complications were excluded from the study. ⋯ The brainstemscore and the BAEPs were reliable predictors of an unfavorable but not a favorable outcome. SEP data however, performed well as a prognostic indicant in predicting an unfavorable as well as a favorable outcome. Using the BAEP, the amplitude ratio Wave V/Wave I is more sensitive to detect a lesion than the interpeak-latency Wave I-Wave V, and--using the SEP--the amplitude ratio N20/N13b (over C2) is more sensitive than the central conduction time (N13a (over C7)--N20).