Articles: brain-injuries.
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Chin. J. Traumatol. · Feb 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialChanges of evoked potentials and evaluation of mild hypothermia for treatment of severe brain injury.
To observe the changes of evoked potentials after severe brain injury and the effect of mild hypothermia on acute severe brain injury. ⋯ These results demonstrate that mild hypothermia treatment (32-34 degrees C) in the Group B has a significant neuroelectrophysiological effect on severe brain injury. Nevertheless, the effect of mild hypothermia in the Group A is not apparent and needs further studying.
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Critical care medicine · Dec 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialModerate hypothermia improves imbalances of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin I2 production after traumatic brain injury in humans.
To examine the levels of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto prostaglandin F1alpha (6-keto PGF1alpha) production in arterial and internal jugular bulb sera in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is associated with arachidonate release and may be associated with an imbalance of vasoconstricting and vasodilating cyclooxygenase metabolites. ⋯ The current results from a limited number of patients suggest that moderate hypothermia may reduce prostanoid production after TBI, thereby attenuating an imbalance of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin I2. However, it must be clarified whether the changes in the prostanoid after moderate hypothermia are a secondary effect of other mediator changes or whether they simply represent an epiphenomenon that is mechanistically unrelated to damage in TBI.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of backrest position on intracranial and cerebral perfusion pressures in traumatically brain-injured adults.
Backrest positioning for brain-injured adults is variable. Some data support using a flat backrest to optimize cerebral perfusion pressure; other data support elevating the head of the bed at least 30 degrees to reduce intracranial pressure. ⋯ The results strengthen the research foundation for raising the backrest position for adults, 18 to 45 years old, who have nonvascular, nonpenetrating, severe brain injuries.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Sep 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCHOP Infant Coma Scale ("Infant Face Scale"): a novel coma scale for children less than two years of age.
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the most frequently used tool worldwide for assessing the severity of neurologic injury after brain trauma, although applying this scale to infants and younger children can be problematic. The CHOP Infant Coma Scale, or Infant Face Scale (IFS), is a novel scale for children under 2 years of age which differs from other pediatric coma scales in the following ways: (1) it relies on objective behavioral observations; (2) it assesses cortical as well as brainstem function; (3) it parallels the GCS in scoring but is based on infant-appropriate behaviors; and (4) it can be applied to intubated patients. We report the results of a prospective study designed to compare interrater reliability between the IFS and GCS in children less than 2 years of age. ⋯ When applied to infants in an intensive care unit with acute traumatic brain injury or hypoxia/ischemia, the GCS interrater reliability scores were in the "fair" range, while the IFS scores were in the "almost perfect" range. The IFS demonstrates improved interrater reliability in direct comparison to the GCS, particularly in the "verbal/face" component where most pediatric coma scales are deficient. The IFS may prove to be a simple and practical bedside index of brain injury severity in children less than two years of age.
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Revista de neurologia · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[A controlled, double-blind, randomized pilot clinical trial of nicardipine as compared with a placebo in patients with moderate or severe head injury].
One of the factors involved in the occurrence of ischemic cerebral lesions following head injury is cerebral vasospasm. We analyze the effect of intravenous nicardipine on the prevention and treatment of posttraumatic cerebral vasospasm. ⋯ Nicardipine is effective in the reversal and prevention of increased Doppler flow velocity in patients with moderate or severe head injury.