Articles: health.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Observational Study
Hearing intervention versus health education control to reduce cognitive decline in older adults with hearing loss in the USA (ACHIEVE): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
Hearing loss is associated with increased cognitive decline and incident dementia in older adults. We aimed to investigate whether a hearing intervention could reduce cognitive decline in cognitively healthy older adults with hearing loss. ⋯ US National Institutes of Health.
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Multicenter Study
Incidence of and Factors Associated With Recurrent Firearm Injury Among Patients Presenting to St. Louis Trauma Centers, 2010 to 2019 : A Cohort Study.
Firearm injuries are a public health crisis in the United States. ⋯ Emergency Medicine Foundation-AFFIRM and Missouri Foundation for Health.
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Veterans and service members (V/SM) may have more risk factors for arrest and felony incarceration (e.g., posttraumatic stress disorder and at-risk substance use) but also more protective factors (e.g., access to health care) to mitigate behaviors that may lead to arrest. As such, understanding which factors are associated with criminal justice involvement among V/SM could inform prevention and treatment efforts. The current study examined relationships between lifetime history of arrests and felony incarceration and sociodemographic, psychological, and brain injury characteristics factors among combat V/SM. ⋯ The rate of lifetime arrest (35%) in this V/SM sample was consistent with rates of arrests in the U.S. general population. One modifiable characteristic associated with lifetime arrest and felony incarceration was hazardous alcohol consumption. Alcohol use should be a top treatment target for V/SM at risk for arrest and those with history of criminal justice involvement.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity in people with type 2 diabetes (SURMOUNT-2): a double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.
Weight reduction is essential for improving health outcomes in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We assessed the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide, a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, versus placebo, for weight management in people living with obesity and type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Eli Lilly and Company.
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This study used a conceptual model to examine the factors influencing physical, mental, and overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women and men aged 45 and older with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in Saudi Arabia. In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we randomly included 356 individuals aged 45 years or above with doctor-confirmed KOA from the orthopedic and physiotherapy departments of the 5 tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between March 2016 and March 2017. We split all participants into men (n = 146) and women (n = 210) based on gender. ⋯ Women and men aged between 60 and 64 years were more strongly associated significantly with less physical composite scale score by -3.17, (standard error [SE] = 1.71, P = .021) and -3.18 (SE = 1.69, P = .023) respectively, followed by the primary school or less education by -3.40 (SE = 1.27, P = .0002), severe KOA of -8.94 (SE = 0.99, P < .001), eating on the floor bending the knee of -3.93 (SE = 1.63, P = .042), and pain of -2.39 (SE = 0.26, P < .0001). Women and men with primary school or less education significantly had low mental composite scale and 36-item short form health survey scores of -3.07 (SE = 1.22, P = .041) and -3.23 (SE = 0.99, P = .018), respectively, followed by severe KOA of -4.07 (SE = 1.22, P = .001) and -6.50 (SE = 0.83, P < .0001) and eating on the floor, extending the knee at -3.35 (SE = 1.74, P = .043). Risk factors like age, education, pain, body mass index, and severe KOA are linked to poor physical, mental, and overall HRQoL among women and men in Saudi Arabia.