• Atsushi Uematsu, Kohki Kido, Erika Manabe, Hiroyuki Takeda, Hirotaka Takahashi, Minoru Hayashi, Yuuki Imai, and Tatsuya Sawasaki.
• Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center (PROS), Ehime University, Japan.
• Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2018 Jan 15; 495 (3): 2289-2295.

AbstractNuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) proteins are transcription factors that play key roles in regulating most immune responses and cell death. Constitutively active NF-κB has been shown to exhibit chemoresistance by inducing anti-apoptosis in tumor cells. Multiple myeloma is known as a constitutive NF-κB activating disease, and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is used to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. We demonstrate here that DANFIN (N,N'-bis-(2,4-dimethyl-phenyl)-ethane-1,2-diamine) functions as an inhibitor of the p65 family proteins and induces chemosensitization to bortezomib in multiple myeloma. DANFIN was found to be an inhibitor of interactions between p65 and IκBα without the inhibition of the DNA binding activity of the p65 protein. In addition, DANFIN affected the IκBα binding region in Rel Homology Domain (RHD) and suppressed the nuclear translocalization of the p65 protein in cells. Furthermore, in multiple myeloma cells, DANFIN suppressed the expression level of NF-κB target genes and induced apoptosis. The combination therapy of DANFIN with bortezomib dramatically enhanced the apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells and indicated a remarkable anti-tumor effect in a multiple-myeloma xenograft mouse model.Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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