• Pain · Nov 2020

    A modulator of the low-voltage activated T-type calcium channel that reverses HIV glycoprotein 120-, paclitaxel-, and spinal nerve ligation-induced peripheral neuropathies.

    • Song Cai, Peter Tuohy, Chunlong Ma, Naoya Kitamura, Kimberly Gomez, Yuan Zhou, Dongzhi Ran, Shreya Sai Bellampalli, Jie Yu, Shizhen Luo, Angie Dorame, Yen Ngan PhamNancyNDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States., Gabriella Molnar, John M Streicher, Marcel Patek, Samantha Perez-Miller, Aubin Moutal, Jun Wang, and Rajesh Khanna.
    • Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
    • Pain. 2020 Nov 1; 161 (11): 2551-2570.

    AbstractThe voltage-gated calcium channels CaV3.1-3.3 constitute the T-type subfamily, whose dysfunctions are associated with epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, and chronic pain. The unique properties of low-voltage-activation, faster inactivation, and slower deactivation of these channels support their role in modulation of cellular excitability and low-threshold firing. Thus, selective T-type calcium channel antagonists are highly sought after. Here, we explored Ugi-azide multicomponent reaction products to identify compounds targeting T-type calcium channel. Of the 46 compounds tested, an analog of benzimidazolonepiperidine-5bk (1-{1-[(R)-{1-[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl}(thiophen-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-2-one) modulated depolarization-induced calcium influx in rat sensory neurons. Modulation of T-type calcium channels by 5bk was further confirmed in whole-cell patch clamp assays in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, where pharmacological isolation of T-type currents led to a time- and concentration-dependent regulation with a low micromolar IC50. Lack of an acute effect of 5bk argues against a direct action on T-type channels. Genetic knockdown revealed CaV3.2 to be the isoform preferentially modulated by 5bk. High voltage-gated calcium, as well as tetrodotoxin-sensitive and -resistant sodium, channels were unaffected by 5bk. 5bk inhibited spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents and depolarization-evoked release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from lumbar spinal cord slices. Notably, 5bk did not bind human mu, delta, or kappa opioid receptors. 5bk reversed mechanical allodynia in rat models of HIV-associated neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathy, without effects on locomotion or anxiety. Thus, 5bk represents a novel T-type modulator that could be used to develop nonaddictive pain therapeutics.

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