• Divaka Perera, Rod Stables, Tim Clayton, Kalpa De Silva, Matthew Lumley, Lucy Clack, Martyn Thomas, Simon Redwood, and BCIS-1 Investigators.
• Cardiovascular Division, St. Thomas' Hospital Campus, Kings College London, London SE1 7EH, UK. Divaka.Perera@kcl.ac.uk
• Circulation. 2013 Jan 15; 127 (2): 207-12.

BackgroundThere is conflicting evidence on the utility of elective intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Observational series have indicated a reduction in major in-hospital adverse events, although randomized trial evidence does not support this. A recent study has suggested a mortality benefit trend early after PCI, but there are currently no long-term outcome data from randomized trials in this setting.Methods And ResultsThree hundred one patients with left ventricular impairment (ejection fraction <30%) and severe coronary disease (BCIS-1 jeopardy score ≥8; maximum possible score=12) were randomized to receive PCI with elective IABP support (n=151) or without planned IABP support (n=150). Long-term all-cause mortality was assessed by tracking the databases held at the Office of National Statistics (in England and Wales) and the General Register Office (in Scotland). The groups were balanced in terms of baseline characteristics (left ventricular ejection fraction, 23.6%; BCIS-1 jeopardy score, 10.4) and the amount and type of revascularization performed. Mortality data were available for the entire cohort at a median of 51 months (interquartile range, 41-58) from randomization. All-cause mortality at follow-up was 33% in the overall cohort, with significantly fewer deaths occurring in the elective IABP group (n=42) than in the group that underwent PCI without planned IABP support (n=58) (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.98; P=0.039).ConclusionsIn patients with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy treated with PCI, all-cause mortality was 33% at a median of 51 months. Elective IABP use during PCI was associated with a 34% relative reduction in all-cause mortality compared with unsupported PCI.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.isrctn.org. Unique identifier: ISRCTN40553718; and http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00910481.

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